{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:54:09Z","timestamp":1772758449652,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679011200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Bilateral facial palsy (BFP) has been identified as a possible neurological complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but only a limited number of cases have been reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to deepen our understanding of the etiology of BFP. Case report: We report the case of a 46-year-old married bisexual man with BFP associated with HIV infection. The patient underwent serological testing for HIV and was positive. In the absence of any other evidence of underlying systemic disease, facial palsy is thought to be secondary to HIV infection. After antiretroviral therapy, the patient recovered completely from facial palsy within 3 months. Results: HIV infection often involves BFP. The pathophysiology of this clinical presentation is thought to be related to the immune response to the systemic transmission of the virus. Conclusions: Most patients with BFP have underlying systemic causes, particularly autoimmune diseases. The exclusion of HIV infection in patients with BFP is essential for the early diagnosis and management of HIV.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000033263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T16:01:21Z","timestamp":1679068881000},"page":"e33263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Bilateral facial palsy caused by HIV infection: A case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"102","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3802-0256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huiqian","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shijiazhuang People\u2019s Hospital, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haojie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Guiyang First People\u2019s Hospital, Guizhou, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2020_186","article-title":"Clinical treatment options and randomized clinical trials for neurocognitive complications of HIV infection: combination antiretroviral therapy, central nervous system penetration effectiveness, and adjuvants.","volume":"50","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Top Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"R2-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.06.033","article-title":"Peripheral facial paralysis associated with HIV infection: a case series and literature review.","volume":"172","author":"Sathirapanya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"R3-20250504","first-page":"e30186","article-title":"Bell\u2019s palsy: a review.","volume":"14","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R4-20250504","first-page":"e14671","article-title":"Bilateral facial palsy: a clinical approach.","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R5-20250504","first-page":"e28735","article-title":"Bilateral optic neuritis and facial palsy following COVID-19 infection.","volume":"14","author":"Behera","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R6-20250504","first-page":"e23210","article-title":"Bilateral facial palsy without ocular muscle involvement in myasthenia gravis: case report.","volume":"14","author":"Umair","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R7-20250504","first-page":"239","article-title":"Bilateral post-traumatic facial palsy: a case report and literature review.","volume":"34","author":"Parrino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Iran J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"R8-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"rkac073","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkac073","article-title":"Bilateral facial nerve palsy responded to immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.","volume":"6","author":"Yorishima","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatol Adv Pract"},{"key":"R9-20250504","article-title":"Bilateral giant familial carotid body tumors with concomitant skull-base paraganglioma and facial nerve palsy.","volume":"49","author":"Emeruem","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"R10-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e932757","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.932757","article-title":"Bilateral facial palsy and hyperreflexia as the main clinical presentation in Guillain-Barre syndrome.","volume":"22","author":"Albuainain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Case Rep"},{"key":"R11-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4069","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-022-05982-4","article-title":"Bilateral facial palsy after COVID-19 vaccination.","volume":"43","author":"Andreozzi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"R12-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2022.05.003","article-title":"Bilateral facial palsy with paresthesias, variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19 vaccine: A case series of 9 patients.","volume":"32","author":"Castiglione","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord"},{"key":"R13-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.AIAN_698_20","article-title":"Bilateral facial palsy in neuroborreliosis.","volume":"24","author":"Das","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"R14-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2017.03.009","article-title":"[Bilateral facial nerve palsy associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection in a 3-year-old boy].","volume":"24","author":"Grassin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"key":"R15-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6983","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-022-06327-x","article-title":"Bilateral facial palsy as the first sign of HIV infection.","volume":"43","author":"Giammello","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"R16-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2021.09.001","article-title":"Guillain-Barre-like syndrome as a rare presentation of severe primary HIV-infection.","volume":"39","author":"Rabadan Pejenaute","year":"2021","journal-title":"Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed)"}],"container-title":["Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000033263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T03:11:56Z","timestamp":1746328316000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000033263"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/md.0000000000033263","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7974"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7974","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]]}}}