{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T22:11:28Z","timestamp":1773180688441,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"38","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Low back pain (LBP) is a global musculoskeletal ailment. Over the past few years, dry needling (DN) has garnered interest from both physical therapists and patients. Physical therapy commonly employs spinal manipulation to alleviate persistent LBP and other musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of spinal manipulation alone and in combination with DN on functional disability and endurance in individuals suffering from chronic nonspecific LBP.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Patients of both genders who had chronic nonspecific LBP and who had not received physical therapy within the last 3 months were included in this single-blind, randomized controlled trial using purposive sampling. All participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental (SMT\u2005+\u2005DN) or control (SMT alone) group using computer-generated random numbers. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. For between-group comparisons, the Mann\u2013Whitney U<\/jats:italic> test was used. A P<\/jats:italic>-value\u2005<\u2005.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n The analysis of the difference between the 2 groups revealed that the mean\u2005\u00b1\u2005standard deviation (SD) for the SMT alone group was 16.09\u2005\u00b1\u20053.963 at baseline and 12.66\u2005\u00b1\u20053.801 at 8 weeks, whereas for the DN\u2005+\u2005ST group, it was 13.67\u2005\u00b1\u20053.904 at baseline and 10.92\u2005\u00b1\u20053.534 at 8 weeks, with a P<\/jats:italic>-value of .003. Thus, the RMDQ score improved gradually in both groups, and the mean endurance score reported for the ST group was 2.5 to 4.5, while that reported for the DN\u2005+\u2005ST group was 3.1 to 5.1.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The results of this study showed that both therapies effectively reduced LBP. When comparing the effects of spinal manipulation alone to those of spinal manipulation combined with DN, the latter showed significantly greater benefits.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000039734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T16:02:58Z","timestamp":1727107378000},"page":"e39734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of the effects of dry needling and spinal manipulative therapy versus spinal manipulative therapy alone on functional disability and endurance in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain: An experimental study"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2978-3698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kashmala","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Sindh Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashfaq","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Ali","family":"Mohseni Bandpei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan"},{"name":"Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Kashif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20250503","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60610-7","article-title":"Non-specific low back pain.","volume":"379","author":"Balagu\u00e9","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-20250503","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181f5dfe0","article-title":"Does maintained spinal manipulation therapy for chronic nonspecific low back pain result in better long-term outcome?","volume":"36","author":"Senna","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R3-20250503","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34347","article-title":"A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain.","volume":"64","author":"Hoy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R4-20250503","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2010.07.003","article-title":"Myofascial low back pain: a review.","volume":"21","author":"Malanga","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"R5-20250503","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.12.008","article-title":"Comparison of general exercise, motor control exercise and spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low back pain: a randomized trial.","volume":"131","author":"Ferreira","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R6-20250503","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-8-22","article-title":"Does targeting manual therapy and\/or exercise improve patient outcomes in nonspecific low back pain? 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