{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T05:30:15Z","timestamp":1737437415840,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737072000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Rationale:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Steven\u2013Johnson syndrome (SJS) is characterized by severe illness, rapid progression, and high mortality rates, with the vast majority of cases induced by medications. Botulinum toxin, a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, has not been reported in the literature as a causative agent of SJS.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Patient concerns:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A 56-year-old male patient, who underwent surgery for cerebral hemorrhage, developed widespread patchy annular papules following the injection of botulinum toxin into the masseter muscle. Some lesions exhibited a target-like appearance, and all major organ systems were affected.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Diagnoses:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Consider the delayed SJS induced by the combination of carbamazepine and botulinum toxin.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Intravenous administration of methylprednisolone in conjunction with immunoglobulin is indicated. For ocular lesions, topical treatment includes tobramycin-dexamethasone and sodium hyaluronate eye drops; for ulcerated areas, local application of lactulose-iodoquinol is recommended, while non-ulcerated regions should be treated with halometasone ointment topically.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Outcomes:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The patient has been discharged, and there has been a noticeable improvement in their symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Lessons:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In order to prevent severe adverse reactions, patients using carbamazepine in conjunction with other medications should be vigilant for the early symptoms of serious drug rashes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000041289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T03:00:07Z","timestamp":1737428407000},"page":"e41289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Delayed Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome induced by combined administration of carbamazepine and botulinum toxin: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Weiqian","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"},{"name":"Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urinary Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"},{"name":"Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaowei","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"},{"name":"Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengxian","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"},{"name":"Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenhui","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"},{"name":"Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongrui","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"},{"name":"Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6192-0287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"},{"name":"Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20250121","first-page":"376","article-title":"Consensus of experts on the diagnosis and treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/Toxic epidermal necrolysis.","volume":"54","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin J Dermatol"},{"key":"R2-20250121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.05.002","article-title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis: Part I. Introduction, history, classification, clinical features, systemic manifestations, etiology, and immunopathogenesis.","volume":"69","author":"Schwartz","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"R3-20250121","first-page":"CD008123","article-title":"Medical treatment for botulism.","volume":"4","author":"Chalk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"R4-20250121","first-page":"895","article-title":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a review of diagnosis and management.","volume":"57","author":"Frantz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina(Kaunas)"},{"key":"R5-20250121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2009.252","article-title":"ALDEN, an algorithm for assessment of drug causality in Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: comparison with case-control analysis.","volume":"88","author":"Sassolas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"R6-20250121","first-page":"224","article-title":"Establishment of the population pharmacokinetic model and dose selection of carbamazepine in epilepsy patients in Northeast China.","volume":"35","author":"Zhuxu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"R7-20250121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(01)00309-6","article-title":"Carbamazepine toxicity during combination therapy with levetiracetam: a pharmacodynamic interaction.","volume":"48","author":"Sisodiya","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"R8-20250121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01356.x","article-title":"Carbamazepine toxicity with lamotrigine: pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interaction?","volume":"39","author":"Besag","year":"1998","journal-title":"Epilepsia"}],"container-title":["Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000041289","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T03:00:12Z","timestamp":1737428412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000041289"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/md.0000000000041289","relation":{},"ISSN":["1536-5964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1536-5964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]}}}