{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T15:26:11Z","timestamp":1784647571741,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods have led to a paradigm shift in the management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The lack of evidence-based data in this area has led to variations in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to identify these differences and compare them with recommendations based on pathophysiology. The study was designed as an observational online survey of neonatologists from level 3 to 4 neonatal intensive care units caring for premature infants at increased risk of BPD and born before 28 weeks\u2019 gestation. Respondents were invited to participate in the study through the portal of the Turkish Neonatal Society. Participants were surveyed online about preferred ventilation modes, settings and clinical management of these patients through each respiratory distress syndrome, evolving BPD and severe BPD phases. A total of 39 centers involved in the study. Pressure-control assist-control volume-guaranteed was the most commonly preferred ventilation mode in respiratory distress syndrome and evolving BPD, while high frequency oscillatory ventilation was most commonly used in severe BPD. The use of synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation volume-guaranteed pressure support ventilation increased with disease progression. Ventilation settings were found to be changed according to pathophysiological recommendations, but not to the extent recommended. The study shows that early ventilation strategies are predominantly maintained in the later phases of BPD, although there are notable differences between centers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000041973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T20:00:53Z","timestamp":1749758453000},"page":"e41973","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Adaptation of ventilation strategies from acute RDS to severe BPD: A national multicenter survey of practices in extremely preterm infants"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Can","family":"Akyildiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Funda","family":"T\u00fcz\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuray","family":"Duman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah Bari\u015f","family":"Akcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University Medical School, Aydin, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeynep","family":"Alp \u00dcnkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Canan","family":"Ayg\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eenol","family":"Bozda\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zlem","family":"Bozkurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zg\u00fcl","family":"Bulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"B\u00fclb\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Health Sciences T\u00fcrkiye, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melek","family":"B\u00fcy\u00fckeren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Konya City Hospital, Konya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6khan","family":"B\u00fcy\u00fckkale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yal\u00e7in","family":"\u00c7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130stemi Han","family":"\u00c7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Health Sciences T\u00fcrkiye, Etlik Z\u00fcbeyde Hanim Women\u2019s Health Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"\u00c7etin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merih","family":"\u00c7etinkaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Health Sciences University, Ba\u015faksehir. Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilek","family":"\u00c7oban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Atat\u00fcrk Sanatoryum Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tu\u011fba","family":"Egeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, \u0130zmir City Hospital, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeynel","family":"G\u00f6kmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical Faculty of Baskent University, Konya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zkan","family":"\u0130lhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Mugla Sitki Kocman University School of Medicine, Mugla, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"\u0130\u015fleyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, \u015eanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, \u015eanliurfa, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eebnem","family":"Kader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Kirklareli Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Kirklareli, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Kahveci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Health Sciences Erzurum Medical Faculty, Erzurum, 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