{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T17:38:50Z","timestamp":1757612330995,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Association for Science of Art and Culture","award":["L2024Q05100079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L2024Q05100079"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) has been reported, although the causal relationship between these factors remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the causal connection between COVID-19 and TB using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The UK Biobank provided summary data on COVID-19 using the integrative epidemiology unit open genome-wide association studies (GWAS) pool. GWAS data on TB were also retrieved. The relationship between COVID-19 and TB was examined using 5 methods, the major method being inverse variance weighting. Additional methods included weighted median, MR-Egger regression, simple mode, weighted mode, and Wald ratio. No significant correlation was observed between COVID-19 and TB (odds ratio\u2005=\u20051.022, 95% confidence interval 0.955\u20131.032, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u2005=\u2005.611). Reverse MR analysis also confirmed the absence of a causal relationship between COVID-19 and TB risk (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u2005&gt;\u2005.05). This study used several complementary MR approaches to explore the bidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and TB and revealed no significant bidirectional relationship. However, given the limited GWAS data for these 2 conditions, caution is warranted when interpreting these results. While previous epidemiological and retrospective studies have suggested that COVID-19 may impact TB, our bidirectional MR analysis based on European population genetic data suggests no two-way causality between COVID-19 and TB in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000041999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T23:01:05Z","timestamp":1745881265000},"page":"e41999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Causality between coronavirus disease 2019 and tuberculosis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medical Imaging, Qilu Medical University, Zibo, Shandong, 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