{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T14:41:49Z","timestamp":1761748909076,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"36","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The relationship between dietary habits, including the consumption of eggs, dairy products, and sugar, and the development of disease is well-established. However, further investigation is required to elucidate the precise associations between these dietary habits and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to analyze existing genome-wide association studies in order to identify causal relationships between dietary habits and CVD. The 5 dietary habits rooted from the IEU database are categorized as:\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Never eat eggs<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Never eat wheat products<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Never eat sugar or foods\/drinks containing sugar<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Never eat wheat products<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I eat all of the above<\/jats:italic>\n                    . CVDs are categorized into:\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">heart failure, Myocardial infarction(MI), Arrhythmia, Hypertension, Coronary heart disease(CHD), Myocarditis, Cardiomyopathy, Valvular heart disease<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">cardiac death<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This was achieved by employing two-sample Mendelian randomization and co-localization analyses. The potential causative genes associated with 5 dietary habits and CVDs were also explored through bioinformatics and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis based on GeneChip GSE59867. Subsequently, we employed meta-analysis techniques to integrate the findings of these studies. The co-localization analysis, based on two-sample Mendelian randomization results, revealed that single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12740374 (PH4\u2005=\u20050.855) was causally associated with MI and a balanced diet(I eat all of the above), while SNP rs7528419 (PH4\u2005=\u20050.716) was causally associated with CHD and a balanced diet. Moreover, 2 SNPs, rs7528419 and rs12740374, were identified as drivers of common motifs in 6 genes. The following genes were identified as having driver effects on common motifs: KIAA1324, SARS, CELSR2, PSRC1, MYBPHL, and SORT1. PSRC1 (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.722), CELSR2 (AUC: 0.657), and MYBPHL (AUC: 0.677) have been identified as having high diagnostic value for CHD and MI. The results of the study indicate a strong correlation between dietary habits and a multitude of CVDs. In almost all populations, diets that do not consume eggs, dairy products, and sugar is a significant risk factor for CVD in nearly all groups, whereas a balanced diet is a protective factor for the majority of CVDs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000044352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T18:04:36Z","timestamp":1757354676000},"page":"e44352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of dietary habits on multiple cardiovascular diseases: A comprehensive Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4926-1706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youfu","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, 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