{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T23:27:14Z","timestamp":1794526034219,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"43","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study analyzes the risk factors for mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children and the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6)\/signaling and transcriptional activating factor 3 (STAT3) pathway. Seventy-three children diagnosed with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection were admitted to Jinzhou Medical University Hospital between April 2021 and April 2023, forming the study group. Additionally, 730 healthy children who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group. A comparison of clinical data between the 2 groups was conducted to analyze the risk factors associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children. Furthermore, the diagnostic value of IL-6, STAT3, white blood cells (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. A history of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections and living in close quarters are identified as risk factors for mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children (OR\u2005=\u20051.988, 2.123,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2005&lt;\u2005.05). The study group exhibited elevated levels of IL-6, STAT3 mRNA, WBC, CRP, and PCT compared to the control group (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2005&lt;\u2005.05). Analysis of the ROC curve revealed that using IL-6, STAT3, WBC, CRP, and PCT levels individually or in combination yielded area under the curve values of 0.829, 0.813, 0.852, 0.759, 0.849, and 0.953, respectively. The combined detection method demonstrated a sensitivity of 86.30% and specificity of 90.40%. The IL-6\/STAT3 pathway is known to be activated in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, leading to an upregulation in the expression of white blood cells (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT). Utilizing a combination of IL-6, STAT3, WBC, CRP, and PCT levels can aid in the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children. Additionally, a history of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections and living in close quarters with others can increase the risk of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000044772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T19:02:46Z","timestamp":1761332566000},"page":"e44772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk factors analysis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children and diagnostic value of IL-6 and STAT3"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingxin","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Shiyan People\u2019s Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5470-0093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junyong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1582_16","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a significant but underrated pathogen in paediatric community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections.","volume":"147","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R2-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9328177","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/9328177","article-title":"Clinical features and biomarkers for early prediction of refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.","volume":"2024","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg Med Int"},{"key":"R3-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.13620","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and serum inflammatory markers of community-acquired mycoplasma pneumonia in children.","volume":"17","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"R4-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05270-6","article-title":"Identify clinical factors related to Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with hypoxia in children.","volume":"20","author":"Ling","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R5-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-018-3243-5","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae P1 genotypes in children.","volume":"37","author":"Rodman Berlot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"R6-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.14524","article-title":"Cerebral infarction associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a child.","volume":"63","author":"Ding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"R7-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3168","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25042","article-title":"Risk factors for atopic diseases and recurrent respiratory tract infections in children.","volume":"55","author":"Kansen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"R8-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.4103\/JLP.JLP_62_17","article-title":"Clinical spectrum and diagnostic yields of Mycoplasma pneumoniae as a causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia.","volume":"10","author":"Dash","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Lab Physicians"},{"key":"R9-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24265","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.24265","article-title":"Serum amyloid a, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin levels in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.","volume":"36","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"R10-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2019-0194","article-title":"A high C-reactive protein\/procalcitonin ratio predicts Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.","volume":"57","author":"Neeser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"R11-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03567-2","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) differ depending on etiology and severity in community-onset bloodstream infection.","volume":"38","author":"Lange","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"R12-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00060","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00060-20","article-title":"Multicenter hospital-based prospective surveillance study of bacterial agents causing meningitis and seroprevalence of different serogroups of neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae type b, and streptococcus pneumoniae during 2015 to 2018 in Turkey.","volume":"5","author":"Ceyhan","year":"2020","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"R13-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629318","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.629318","article-title":"Approach to identifying causative pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia in children using culture, molecular, and serology tests.","volume":"9","author":"Mardian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"R14-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2018.04.004","article-title":"IL-6 family cytokines: key inflammatory mediators as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.","volume":"41","author":"Unver","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"R15-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05017-3","article-title":"The clinical significance of IL-6\u2009s and IL-27\u2009s in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R16-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-022-00513-w","article-title":"Vaccination with Mycoplasma pneumoniae membrane lipoproteins induces IL-17A driven neutrophilia that mediates vaccine-enhanced disease.","volume":"7","author":"Mara","year":"2022","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"R17-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e391","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa869","article-title":"The role of biomarkers in suspected neonatal sepsis.","volume":"73","author":"Weitkamp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R18-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2019.18534","article-title":"Diagnostic efficacy of serum procalcitonin, IL-6, IL-2, and D-dimer levels in an experimental acute appendicitis model.","volume":"30","author":"Destek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R19-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2607.200017","article-title":"Macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia.","volume":"26","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"R20-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2019.1562335","article-title":"Role of procalcitonin in bacteremic patients and its potential use in predicting infection etiology.","volume":"17","author":"Bassetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"R21-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e383","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa876","article-title":"C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and white blood count to rule out neonatal early-onset sepsis within 36 hours: a secondary analysis of the neonatal procalcitonin intervention study.","volume":"73","author":"Stocker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R22-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-05830-4","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children treated with glucocorticoid pulse therapy.","volume":"21","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R23-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02523-4","article-title":"Comparison of different detection methods for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia.","volume":"21","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"R24-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577746","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1577746","article-title":"Successful anti-IL-6 treatment for interstitial lung disease associated with STAT3 gain-of-function: a case report and literature review.","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"R25-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1006640","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006640","article-title":"Early IL-6 signalling promotes IL-27 dependent maturation of regulatory T cells in the lungs and resolution of viral immunopathology.","volume":"13","author":"Pyle","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"R26-20261112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16625","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-53148-8","article-title":"Mitochondrial somatic mutations and the lack of viral genomic variation in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.","volume":"9","author":"Hao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000044772","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T23:02:26Z","timestamp":1794524546000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000044772"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"43","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/md.0000000000044772","relation":{},"ISSN":["1536-5964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1536-5964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-14","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-02","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}