{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T19:28:52Z","timestamp":1793647732351,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"42","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sichuan Medical Association Orthopaedics (Shang Antong) Scientific Research Special Project","award":["Project No.: 2023SAT18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project No.: 2023SAT18"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ft2kj97","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Deyang People\u2019s Hospital","award":["Record No.: MR-51-23-015785"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Record No.: MR-51-23-015785"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate the diagnostic performance of multi-modal ultrasound imaging, combining transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), shear wave elastography (SWE), and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), for differentiating benign and malignant prostate lesions, and to provide new evidence for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. A total of 85 patients who prospectively underwent multi-modal ultrasound examination, ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy, and pathological and immunohistochemical marker detection at our hospital between September 2022 and June 2023 were included. All ultrasound examinations and biopsies were performed within a 2-week interval. The diagnostic performance of TRUS, SWE, CEUS, and multi-modal ultrasound imaging was compared, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated for all accuracy measures. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 89.80% (95% CI: 77.81 to 95.83), 86.11% (95% CI: 70.98\u201393.91), 88.24%, 89.80%, and 86.11% for TRUS; 85.71% (95% CI: 72.87\u201392.96), 72.22% (95% CI: 55.72\u201384.09), 80.00%, 80.77%, and 78.79% for SWE; 93.88% (95% CI: 83.13\u201397.97), 91.67% (95% CI: 77.46\u201397.20), 92.94%, 93.88%, and 91.67% for CEUS; and 97.96% (95% CI: 89.21\u201399.65), 94.44% (95% CI: 81.34\u201398.48), 96.47%, 96.00%, and 97.14% for multi-modal ultrasound imaging, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were 0.880 (95% CI: 0.808\u20130.952), 0.790 (95% CI: 0.694\u20130.886), 0.928 (95% CI: 0.872\u20130.984), and 0.962 (95% CI: 0.924\u20131.000) for TRUS, SWE, CEUS, and multi-modal ultrasound imaging, respectively. The diagnostic performance of multi-modal ultrasound was significantly superior to that of TRUS and SWE (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2005&lt;\u2005.05). Multi-modal ultrasound imaging demonstrates complementary diagnostic advantages, particularly for prostate tumors with atypical ultrasound features that are difficult to diagnose by a single modality. For these tumors, multi-modal ultrasound imaging improves diagnostic accuracy and provides a reliable basis for the differential diagnosis of prostate tumors, warranting further clinical application.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000051135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:01:02Z","timestamp":1792173662000},"page":"e51135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diagnosis of prostate cancer by multi-modal ultrasound imaging"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0260-7926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Deyang People\u2019s Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Deyang People\u2019s Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Records Statistics Management Section, Deyang People\u2019s Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dejun","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Deyang People\u2019s Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Deyang People\u2019s Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Records Statistics Management Section, Deyang People\u2019s Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20261102","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries.","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"R2-20261102","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries.","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"R3-20261102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s11302-022-09874-2","article-title":"The P2 purinoceptors in prostate 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Prostate.","volume":"43","author":"Barr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"R15-20261102","first-page":"117","article-title":"Recent advances of multimodal ultrasound in image-guided prostate-targeted biopsy.","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interv Med"},{"key":"R16-20261102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s40644-022-00498-8","article-title":"The combined value of mpUS and mpMRI-TRUS fusion for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer.","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"key":"R17-20261102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.10139","article-title":"Correlation between prostate cancer grade and vascularity on color Doppler imaging: preliminary findings.","volume":"31","author":"Tang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"R18-20261102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-021-01039-w","article-title":"Quantitative ultrasound shear wave elastography (USWE)-measured tissue stiffness correlates with PIRADS scoring of MRI and Gleason score on whole-mount histopathology of prostate cancer: implications for ultrasound image-guided targeting approach.","volume":"12","author":"Ageeli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"R19-20261102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.17.18056","article-title":"Shear-wave elastography for detection of prostate cancer: a systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis.","volume":"209","author":"Woo","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"R20-20261102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-022-2484-1","article-title":"Application of shear wave elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in transrectal prostate biopsy.","volume":"42","author":"Sharen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Med Sci"},{"key":"R21-20261102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-200993","article-title":"Comparison of contrast-enhanced ultrasound targeted biopsies versus standard systematic biopsies for prostate cancer correction in different PSA value groups in rural China.","volume":"77","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microcirc"}],"container-title":["Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000051135","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T19:01:04Z","timestamp":1793646064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000051135"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"42","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/md.0000000000051135","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7974","1536-5964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7974","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-5964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-18","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-29","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}