{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T15:38:16Z","timestamp":1780414696229,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,2]],"date-time":"2009-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":215,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>Anatomic identification of parathyroid glands during surgery is challenging and time consuming. We sought to determine whether 5\u2010aminolevulinic acid (5\u2010ALA) could produce parathyroid gland fluorescence to improve their detection in a preclinical model.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>Thirty\u2010two rats were administered 0 to 700 mg\/kg of 5\u2010ALA by intraperitoneal injection prior to neck exploration under the illumination of a blue light (380\u2013440 nm). Tissue fluorescence was assessed at 1, 2, or 4 hours postinjection and then removed for histologic confirmation of parathyroid tissue.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>Rat parathyroid glands could not be visualized under ambient light. At dosages of 300 mg\/kg or greater, bilateral parathyroid glands were visualized in 18 of 19 rats using blue light illumination. At dosages less than 300 mg\/kg, parathyroid gland fluorescence was detected in only 1 of 13 rats. At 2 hours after 5\u2010ALA administration, the net mean intensity of parathyroid gland fluorescence was optimal with a dose of 500 mg\/kg. At both 1 and 4 hours after 5\u2010ALA injection, the net mean intensity of parathyroid gland fluorescence was optimal at the highest dose (700 mg\/kg) and positively correlated with dosage increases.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>5\u2010ALA can be used to selectively detect parathyroid tissue from surrounding tissue in a preclinical model. Our data support the use of this technique in the clinical setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/mlg.0b013e3181671b61","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,28]],"date-time":"2008-05-28T13:51:02Z","timestamp":1211982662000},"page":"1014-1018","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Fluorescent Detection of Rat Parathyroid Glands via 5\u2010Aminolevulinic Acid"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Asher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenn E.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen F.","family":"Pehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Zinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Robert","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eben L.","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2001.114556"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1997.01430320088014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"1801","article-title":"Detection and localization of parathyroid adenomas in patients with hyperparathyroidism using a single radionuclide imaging procedure with technetium\u201099m\u2010sestamibi (double\u2010phase study).","volume":"33","author":"Taillefer R","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2004.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000233243.28872.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1011-1344(92)85108-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.36.1.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Aminolevulinic acid (Levulan) in photodynamic therapy of actinic keratoses.","volume":"6","author":"Lang K","year":"2001","journal-title":"Skin Therapy Lett"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70665-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(94)80167-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-8-33"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Sensitization and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of gastrointestinal tumors with 5\u2010aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) induced protoporphyrin IX (PPIX). 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