{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:08:30Z","timestamp":1786118910055,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/mlr.0b013e31818192ef","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,25]],"date-time":"2008-08-25T03:16:58Z","timestamp":1219634218000},"page":"S138-S146","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Implications of New Colorectal Cancer Screening Technologies for Primary Care Practice"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Ann G.","family":"Zauber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore R.","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C Carl","family":"Jaffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara A.","family":"Galen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David F.","family":"Ransohoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin L.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v112.agast970594","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening: clinical guidelines and rationale.","volume":"112","author":"Winawer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R2-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50044","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening and surveillance: clinical guidelines and rationale-update based on new evidence.","volume":"124","author":"Winawer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R3-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.03.012","article-title":"Guidelines for colonoscopy surveillance after polypectomy: a consensus update by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer and the American Cancer Society.","volume":"130","author":"Winawer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R7-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.53.1.27","article-title":"American Cancer Society guidelines for the early detection of cancer, 2003.","volume":"53","author":"Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"R8-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-137-2-200207160-00014","article-title":"Screening for colorectal cancer: recommendation and rationale.","volume":"137","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R9-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03386-7","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of faecal-occult-blood screening for colorectal cancer.","volume":"348","author":"Hardcastle","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R10-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03430-7","article-title":"Randomised study of screening for colorectal cancer with faecal-occult-blood test.","volume":"348","author":"Kronborg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R11-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199305133281901","article-title":"Reducing mortality from colorectal cancer by screening for fecal occult blood. Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study.","volume":"328","author":"Mandel","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R12-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.5.434","article-title":"Colorectal cancer mortality: effectiveness of biennial screening for fecal occult blood.","volume":"91","author":"Mandel","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"R13-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200011303432203","article-title":"The effect of fecal occult-blood screening on the incidence of colorectal cancer.","volume":"343","author":"Mandel","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R14-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-10-875","article-title":"Accuracy of fecal occult blood test interpretation. National Polyp Study Work Group.","volume":"114","author":"Fleisher","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R15-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199008000-00007","article-title":"Fecal occult blood test\u2013the importance of proper evaluation.","volume":"12","author":"Niv","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R16-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01350-5","article-title":"Failure of health care professionals to interpret fecal occult blood tests accurately.","volume":"114","author":"Selinger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"R17-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199601183340304","article-title":"A comparison of fecal occult-blood tests for colorectal-cancer screening.","volume":"334","author":"Allison","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R18-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22230","article-title":"Comparison of a brush-sampling fecal immunochemical test for hemoglobin with a sensitive guaiac-based fecal occult blood test in detection of colorectal neoplasia.","volume":"107","author":"Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R19-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djm150","article-title":"Screening for colorectal neoplasms with new fecal occult blood tests: update on performance characteristics.","volume":"99","author":"Allison","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"R20-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastro.2005.05.056","article-title":"A comparison of the immunochemical fecal occult blood test and total colonoscopy in the asymptomatic population.","volume":"129","author":"Morikawa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R21-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-4-200702200-00003","article-title":"A quantitative immunochemical fecal occult blood test for colorectal neoplasia.","volume":"146","author":"Levi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R22-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.052","article-title":"Is there endoscopic capacity to provide colorectal cancer screening to the unscreened population in the United States?","volume":"127","author":"Seeff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R23-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-3840(74)80005-5","article-title":"Modern endoscopy of the alimentary tract.","author":"Wolff","year":"1974","journal-title":"Curr Probl Surg"},{"key":"R24-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199304013281301","article-title":"Randomized comparison of surveillance intervals after colonoscopic removal of newly diagnosed adenomatous polyps. The National Polyp Study Workgroup.","volume":"328","author":"Winawer","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R25-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312303292701","article-title":"Prevention of colorectal cancer by colonoscopic polypectomy. The National Polyp Study Workgroup.","volume":"329","author":"Winawer","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R26-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200007203430301","article-title":"Use of colonoscopy to screen asymptomatic adults for colorectal cancer. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group 380.","volume":"343","author":"Lieberman","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R27-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042990","article-title":"Colonoscopic screening of average-risk women for colorectal neoplasia.","volume":"352","author":"Schoenfeld","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R28-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200007203430302","article-title":"Risk of advanced proximal neoplasms in asymptomatic adults according to the distal colorectal findings.","volume":"343","author":"Imperiale","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R29-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa054967","article-title":"Colonoscopy in colorectal-cancer screening for detection of advanced neoplasia.","volume":"355","author":"Regula","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R30-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-145-12-200612190-00004","article-title":"Complications of colonoscopy in an integrated health care delivery system.","volume":"145","author":"Levin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R31-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.17.1611","article-title":"Predicting advanced proximal colonic neoplasia with screening sigmoidoscopy.","volume":"281","author":"Levin","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R32-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-12-200312160-00005","article-title":"Using risk for advanced proximal colonic neoplasia to tailor endoscopic screening for colorectal cancer.","volume":"139","author":"Imperiale","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R33-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05812.x","article-title":"Quality in the technical performance of colonoscopy and the continuous quality improvement process for colonoscopy: recommendations of the U. S.Multi-Society Task Force on colorectal cancer.","volume":"97","author":"Rex","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R34-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055498","article-title":"Colonoscopic withdrawal times and adenoma detection during screening colonoscopy.","volume":"355","author":"Barclay","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R35-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2588","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe068254","article-title":"A call to action\u2013measuring the quality of colonoscopy.","volume":"355","author":"Lieberman","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R36-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa031618","article-title":"Computed tomographic virtual colonoscopy to screen for colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic adults.","volume":"349","author":"Pickhardt","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R38-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra072149","article-title":"Computed tomography\u2013an increasing source of radiation exposure.","volume":"357","author":"Brenner","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R39-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.9.1027","article-title":"Prevalence of nonpolypoid (flat and depressed) colorectal neoplasms in asymptomatic and symptomatic adults.","volume":"299","author":"Soetikno","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R40-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198809013190901","article-title":"Genetic alterations during colorectal-tumor development.","volume":"319","author":"Vogelstein","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R41-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1566048","article-title":"Identification of ras oncogene mutations in the stool of patients with curable colorectal tumors.","volume":"256","author":"Sidransky","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R42-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0997-79","article-title":"Familial colorectal cancer in Ashkenazim due to a hypermutable tract in APC.","volume":"17","author":"Laken","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"R43-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012294","article-title":"Detection of APC mutations in fecal DNA from patients with colorectal tumors.","volume":"346","author":"Traverso","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R44-21-20210211","first-page":"S12","article-title":"Molecular basis for stool-based DNA tests for colorectal cancer: a primer for clinicians.","volume":"2","author":"Boland","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev Gastroenterol Disord"},{"key":"R45-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/93.11.858","article-title":"Detecting colorectal cancer in stool with the use of multiple genetic targets.","volume":"93","author":"Dong","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"R46-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/S1525-1578(10)60536-3","article-title":"Enhanced retrieval of DNA from human fecal samples results in improved performance of colorectal cancer screening test.","volume":"6","author":"Whitney","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Mol Diagn"},{"key":"R47-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.19580","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening by detection of altered human DNA in stool: feasibility of a multitarget assay panel.","volume":"119","author":"Ahlquist","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R48-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01108.x","article-title":"Detection of hypermethylated DNA or cyclooxygenase-2 messenger RNA in fecal samples of patients with colorectal cancer or polyps.","volume":"102","author":"Leung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R49-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.50412.x","article-title":"Quantitative detection of promoter hypermethylation in multiple genes in the serum of patients with colorectal cancer.","volume":"100","author":"Leung","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R50-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.039305","article-title":"Detection of epigenetic changes in fecal DNA as a molecular screening test for colorectal cancer: a feasibility study.","volume":"50","author":"Leung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"R51-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/s10528-006-9050-1","article-title":"A widely applicable protocol for DNA isolation from fecal samples.","volume":"44","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem Genet"},{"key":"R52-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4644(2000)77:34+<35::AID-JCB8>3.0.CO;2-W","article-title":"Utilization of K-ras mutations identified in stool DNA for the early detection of colorectal cancer.","volume":"34","author":"Lev","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem Suppl"},{"key":"R53-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2007.01.023","article-title":"Detecting K-ras mutations in stool from fecal occult blood test cards in multiphasic screening for colorectal cancer.","volume":"253","author":"Rennert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"R54-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2704","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa033403","article-title":"Fecal DNA versus fecal occult blood for colorectal-cancer screening in an average-risk population.","volume":"351","author":"Imperiale","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R55-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3816\/CCC.2003.n.011","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of a stool DNA multitarget assay panel for the detection of advanced colorectal neoplasia.","volume":"3","author":"Tagore","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Colorectal Cancer"},{"key":"R56-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2755","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe048259","article-title":"A smarter strategy? Reflections on fecal DNA screening for colorectal cancer.","volume":"351","author":"Woolf","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R57-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji204","article-title":"Detection in fecal DNA of colon cancer-specific methylation of the nonexpressed vimentin gene.","volume":"97","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"R58-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.086223","article-title":"A novel method to capture methylated human DNA from stool: implications for colorectal cancer screening.","volume":"53","author":"Zou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"R59-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0992","article-title":"A sensitive method to quantify human long DNA in stool: relevance to colorectal cancer screening.","volume":"15","author":"Zou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"R60-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.10.006","article-title":"Improved fecal DNA test for colorectal cancer screening.","volume":"5","author":"Itzkowitz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R62-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdp.2004.04.006","article-title":"Effect of physician recommendation and patient adherence on rates of colorectal cancer testing.","volume":"28","author":"Brawarsky","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Detect Prev"},{"key":"R64-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0678","article-title":"Patterns of colorectal cancer screening uptake among men and women in the United States.","volume":"15","author":"Meissner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"R65-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-007-0231-3","article-title":"Improving colorectal cancer screening in primary care practice: innovative strategies and future directions.","volume":"22","author":"Klabunde","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"R67-21-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200006153422401","article-title":"A comparison of colonoscopy and double-contrast barium enema for surveillance after polypectomy. National Polyp Study Work Group.","volume":"342","author":"Winawer","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Medical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31818192ef","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T17:05:07Z","timestamp":1786035907000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00005650-200809001-00021"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mlr.0b013e31818192ef","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7079"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7079","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]}}}