{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T01:33:12Z","timestamp":1789522392696,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757462400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose of review<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The review focusses on the role of liver transplantation, and rarely combined liver and heart transplantation, in the current management of homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Recent findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The review features world-wide reports published during the past 10\u200ayears describing the rationale and outcomes of liver transplantation for children and adults with HoFH. It also provides information on the scale of liver and heart transplantation for a variety of other disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Liver transplantation provides a more effective means of lowering LDL than currently available alternatives such as apheresis and lomitapide but carries with it an unacceptably high risk of posttransplant morbidity and mortality. This is mainly due to the adverse effects of life-long immunosuppressive drug therapy, which restricts the use of liver transplantation to those HoFH patients in whom optimal medical therapy has failed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mol.0000000000001007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T12:03:00Z","timestamp":1754481780000},"page":"310-317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Liver transplantation for homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Gilbert R.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahenaz","family":"Walji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lipids and cardiovascular risk service, Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaimini","family":"Cegla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London"},{"name":"Lipids and cardiovascular risk service, Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91876-2","article-title":"Heart-liver transplantation in a patient with familial hypercholesterolaemia","volume":"1","author":"Starzl","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198512000-00001","article-title":"Combined transplantation of the heart and liver","volume":"202","author":"Shaw","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"R3-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198412273112603","article-title":"Liver transplantation to provide low-density-lipoprotein receptors and lower plasma cholesterol in a child with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia","volume":"311","author":"Bilheimer","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R4-20251105","first-page":"415","article-title":"Combined cardiac surgery and liver transplantation: three decades of worldwide results","volume":"20","author":"Giakoustidis","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Gastrointestin Liver Dis"},{"key":"R5-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2015.09.029","article-title":"Improved cardiovascular outcomes following temporal advances in lipid-lowering therapy in a genetically-characterised cohort of familial hypercholesterolaemia homozygotes","volume":"243","author":"Thompson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"R6-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.12562","article-title":"Liver transplantation as a definitive treatment for familial hypercholesterolemia: A series of 36 cases","volume":"19","author":"Mansoorian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Transplant"},{"key":"R7-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.12763","article-title":"Liver transplantation for homozygote familial hypercholesterolemia: the only curative treatment","volume":"20","author":"Alim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Transplant"},{"key":"R8-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14853","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.14853","article-title":"Is liver transplantation alone an effective treatment for homozygotic familial hypercholesterolemia in children?","volume":"28","author":"Yilmaz Da\u011fli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Transplant"},{"key":"R9-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2016.05.042","article-title":"Effects of liver transplantation on lipids and cardiovascular disease in children with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia","volume":"118","author":"Martinez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"R10-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-022-02131-3","article-title":"Is liver transplant curative in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia? 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