{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:20:43Z","timestamp":1783642843245,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose of review<\/jats:title>\n Headache is a common medical complaint in children and adolescents with the majority having experienced some type of headache by their teenage years. Pediatric headache presentations often differ compared to adults, and children may have difficulty describing their symptoms. Thus, a thorough understanding of the approach to the pediatric headache patient is essential to ensure appropriate diagnosis, evaluation, and management.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Recent findings<\/jats:title>\n In the following article we will review the components of a comprehensive pediatric headache assessment, as well as discuss primary and secondary headache types seen in children with focus on clinical pearls and \u2018red flags\u2019 necessitating diagnostic testing.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Summary<\/jats:title>\n Headaches in children may be due to primary or secondary etiologies. Common primary headache types include migraine or tension-type headache. Secondary headache causes are broad and include infections, trauma, vascular disorders, substance use\/withdrawal, and psychiatric conditions. Current American Academy of Neurology (AAN) guidelines recommend against routine lab studies, lumbar puncture, electro-encephalogram (EEG), or neuroimaging in patients with no headache red flags by history and a normal neurologic examination.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mop.0000000000000688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T03:21:48Z","timestamp":1535599308000},"page":"748-754","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Pediatric headache: overview"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Meaghan","family":"Kelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurosciences and Behavioral Health, Children's National Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Strelzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurosciences and Behavioral Health, Children's National Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Langdon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurosciences and Behavioral Health, Children's National Medical Center"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"DiSabella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurosciences and Behavioral Health, Children's National Medical Center"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230918","first-page":"811","article-title":"Headache in school children: prevalence and risk factors","volume":"110","author":"Straube","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"R2-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2015.11.003","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of childhood headache","volume":"46","author":"Gofshteyn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Healthcare"},{"key":"R3-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-005-0010-y","article-title":"What is the impact, prevalence, disability, and quality of life of pediatric headache?","volume":"9","author":"Hershey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"R4-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-005-0206-x","article-title":"A questionnaire-based study on prevalence and treatment of headache in young children","volume":"6","author":"Gallelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"R5-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.4.490","article-title":"Practice parameter: evaluation of children and adolescents with recurrent headaches. Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the Practice Committee of the Child Neurology Society","volume":"59","author":"Lewis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R6-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2008.11.003","article-title":"Pediatric migraine","volume":"27","author":"Lewis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"R7-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e155","DOI":"10.3928\/19382359-20170321-02","article-title":"Childhood headache: a brief review","volume":"46","author":"Blume","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Ann"},{"key":"R8-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(90)90018-9","article-title":"The Faces Pain Scale for the self-assessment of the severity of pain experienced by children: development, initial validation and preliminary investigation for ratio scale properties","volume":"41","author":"Bieri","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R9-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.11.2034","article-title":"PedMIDAS: development of a questionnaire to assess disability of migraines in children","volume":"57","author":"Hershey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R10-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2017.01.002","article-title":"Pediatric headache: an overview","volume":"47","author":"Langdon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care"},{"key":"R11-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S46071","article-title":"Medication-overuse headache: a review","volume":"7","author":"Kristoffersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"R12-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.202.3.9051039","article-title":"Children with headache: clinical predictors of surgical space-occupying lesions and the role of neuroimaging","volume":"202","author":"Medina","year":"1997","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"R13-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13743","article-title":"Site locked headaches in paediatric patients do not require routine brain imaging and rarely have a serious aetiology","volume":"106","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"key":"R14-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202","article-title":"The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition","volume":"38","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"R15-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-017-0818-y","article-title":"Experts\u2019 opinion about the primary headache diagnostic criteria of the ICHD-3rd edition beta in children and adolescents","volume":"18","author":"Ozge","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"R16-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.3928\/19382359-20180129-03","article-title":"Uncommon pediatric primary headache disorders","volume":"47","author":"Victorio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Ann"},{"key":"R17-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-017-0819-x","article-title":"Experts\u2019 opinion about the pediatric secondary headaches diagnostic criteria of the ICHD-3 beta","volume":"18","author":"Ozge","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00008480-201812000-00010","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T02:25:13Z","timestamp":1695003913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00008480-201812000-00010"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mop.0000000000000688","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-8703","1531-698X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-8703","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-698X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}}}