{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T03:49:36Z","timestamp":1793936976887,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose of review<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This review highlights epidemiologic changes in e-cigarette use in adolescents, discusses recent advances in aerosolized nicotine delivery, and provides and updated profile of research related to the lung-specific harm of e-cigarettes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Recent findings<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In the past decade, nicotine-containing e-cigarettes have emerged as the most popular tobacco and nicotine delivery modality among adolescents in the United States.<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup> The surge in popularity of these devices has coincided with an outbreak of vaping-related lung injury, bringing e-cigarette use to national attention, and creating a great deal of confusion regarding their potential for respiratory harm. Newer pod-based devices and formulations of e-liquids have resulted in products appeal to youth and deliver nicotine with increasing efficiency. E-liquid aerosols are associated with direct harm to respiratory epithelium and have been shown to alter pulmonary function, inflammation, mucociliary clearance, and lung histology.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Although the long-term harms of regular e-cigarette use are unknown, numerous studies including early longitudinal data suggest e-cigarette use is associated with incidence of respiratory disease, independent of concurrent traditional cigarette use. Improved understanding and recognition of harm will contribute to the basis of further studies examining the role of e-cigarettes on chronic respiratory disease and will inform future prevention education.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mop.0000000000000896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,25]],"date-time":"2020-04-25T06:07:05Z","timestamp":1587794825000},"page":"378-383","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Vaping in adolescents: epidemiology and respiratory harm"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Eric Stephen","family":"Hamberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA, Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Halpern-Felsher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.18387","article-title":"e-Cigarette use among youth in the United States, 2019","volume":"322","author":"Cullen","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R3-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1910739","article-title":"Trends in adolescent vaping, 2017\u20132019","volume":"381","author":"Miech","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61842-5","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"382","author":"Bullen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R6-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1808779","article-title":"A randomized trial of E-cigarettes versus nicotine-replacement therapy","volume":"380","author":"Hajek","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med January"},{"key":"R7-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2019.1483","article-title":"Association between electronic cigarette use and smoking reduction in france","volume":"179","author":"Gomajee","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"R8-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nty067","article-title":"The gateway effect of E-cigarettes: reflections on main criticisms","volume":"21","author":"Chapman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"R10-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2016.12.009","article-title":"Electronic cigarette use and uptake of cigarette smoking: a longitudinal examination of U.S. College Students","volume":"67","author":"Spindle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"R11-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2015-052705","article-title":"Longitudinal study of e-cigarette use and onset of cigarette smoking among high school students in Hawaii","volume":"26","author":"Wills","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"(e2)","key":"R12-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e106","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2016-053291","article-title":"E-cigarette use as a predictor of cigarette smoking: results from a 1-year follow-up of a national sample of 12th grade students","volume":"26","author":"Miech","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"R13-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14478","article-title":"The public health consequences of e-cigarettes: a review by the National Academies of Sciences. 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