{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T08:16:37Z","timestamp":1778573797376,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose of review<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present review addresses the underlying biology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) while recognizing that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an increasingly employed technology in the context of severe disease. The review provides the physiologic and molecular foundation for the ventilation strategies most likely to facilitate lung repair and recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Recent findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In infants and children, ARDS remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Although any infant or child can develop ARDS, children who have experienced trauma, pneumonia, aspiration, or immune compromise are at increased risk. Though ECMO accomplishes oxygenation and ventilation independent of the lung, rhythmic distention of the lung, maintenance of an air\u2013liquid interface, and strategies that prevent atelectasis are strongly recommended to minimize lung injury and promote recovery. An open-lung ventilation strategy that employs sufficient positive end-expiratory pressure to avoid atelectasis, a tidal volume limited to &lt;5\u20137\u200acc\/kg per breath, a plateau pressure of 30\u200acm of water, and driving pressure of &lt;20\u200acm of water afford the greatest likelihood of lung repair.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ECMO can be effective to treat children with severe ARDS. Even with ECMO in place, the principles of physiologically sound mechanical ventilation need to be applied. Collaborative trials and development of well curated international clinical information are needed to better understand which children with ARDS are most likely benefit from ECMO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mop.0000000000001561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T14:01:05Z","timestamp":1775052065000},"page":"302-307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ventilator management on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: considerations for open lung strategy"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"Vohwinkel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and CVP Research Laboratories, University of Colorado Medical Campus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bereketeab","family":"Haileselassie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David N.","family":"Cornfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary, Asthma, and Sleep Medicine"},{"name":"Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260512","first-page":"317","article-title":"Acute lung injury in pediatric intensive care in Australia and New Zealand: a prospective, multicenter, observational study","volume":"8","author":"Erickson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R2-20260512","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005043421806","article-title":"The acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"342","author":"Ware","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-20260512","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(67)90168-7","article-title":"Acute respiratory distress in adults","volume":"2","author":"Ashbaugh","year":"1967","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R6-20260512","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-9441(94)90033-7","article-title":"Report of the American-European Consensus conference on acute respiratory distress syndrome: definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination. 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