{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T02:02:45Z","timestamp":1791165765821,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/mop.0b013e32832c9668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,20]],"date-time":"2009-07-20T03:24:08Z","timestamp":1248060248000},"page":"437-443","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Neisseria meningitidis: epidemiology, treatment and prevention in adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Kathryn S","family":"Brigham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J","family":"Sandora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S274","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000147642.85129.05","article-title":"Global epidemiology of meningococcal disease and vaccine efficacy","volume":"23","author":"Pollard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"R2-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61016-2","article-title":"Epidemic meningitis, meningococcaemia, and Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"369","author":"Stephens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R3-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105033441807","article-title":"Meningococcal disease","volume":"344","author":"Rosenstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2006.00051.x","article-title":"Conquering the meningococcus","volume":"31","author":"Stephens","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"R7-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90812-8","article-title":"Meningococcal disease and season in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"2","author":"Greenwood","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R8-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.03.034","article-title":"A review of vaccine research and development: meningococcal disease","volume":"24","author":"Girard","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"R9-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp063561","article-title":"Clinical practice. Prevention of meningococcal disease","volume":"355","author":"Gardner","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R10-4-20210206","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).","volume":"54","year":"2005","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"R11-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1086\/315158","article-title":"The changing epidemiology of meningococcal disease in the United States, 1992\u20131996","volume":"180","author":"Rosenstein","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R12-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1086\/504804","article-title":"Increased case-fatality rate associated with outbreaks of Neisseria meningitidis infection, compared with sporadic meningococcal disease, in the United States, 1994\u20132002","volume":"43","author":"Brooks","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R14-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(00)00356-7","article-title":"Epidemiology and pathogenesis of Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"2","author":"Tzeng","year":"2000","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"R15-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1086\/428590","article-title":"Genetic analysis of meningococci carried by children and young adults","volume":"191","author":"Claus","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R16-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800066449","article-title":"The Stonehouse survey: nasopharyngeal carriage of meningococci and Neisseria lactamica","volume":"99","author":"Cartwright","year":"1987","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"R17-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.32.2.323-330.1994","article-title":"Asymptomatic carriage of Neisseria meningitidis in a randomly sampled population","volume":"32","author":"Caugant","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R18-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1206.051297","article-title":"Social behavior and meningococcal carriage in British teenagers","volume":"12","author":"MacLennan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"R19-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)00279-7","article-title":"Uncloaking the meningococcus: dynamics of carriage and disease","volume":"353","author":"Stephens","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R20-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7238.846","article-title":"Changing carriage rate of Neisseria meningitidis among university students during the first week of term: cross-sectional study","volume":"320","author":"Neal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"R21-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268898008930","article-title":"Dynamics of the meningococcal carrier state and characteristics of the carrier strains: a longitudinal study within three cohorts of military recruits","volume":"121","author":"Andersen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"R22-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2006.00052.x","article-title":"Lessons from meningococcal carriage studies","volume":"31","author":"Caugant","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"R24-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7360.365","article-title":"Acquisition of W135 meningococcal carriage in Hajj pilgrims and transmission to household contacts: prospective study","volume":"325","author":"Wilder-Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"R25-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45529-0","article-title":"Neisseria meningitidis: an overview of the carriage state","volume":"53","author":"Yazdankhah","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"R27-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199609193351210","article-title":"Jails, microbes, and the three-foot barrier","volume":"335","author":"Nelson","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R28-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31815c1b3a","article-title":"Risk factors for meningococcal disease in students in grades 9\u201312","volume":"27","author":"Harrison","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"R29-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a008792","article-title":"Outbreak of serogroup C meningococcal disease associated with campus bar patronage","volume":"143","author":"Imrey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R30-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199710000-00015","article-title":"Tobacco smoke as a risk factor for meningococcal disease","volume":"16","author":"Fischer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"R31-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1086\/517450","article-title":"Disco fever: epidemic meningococcal disease in northeastern Argentina associated with disco patronage","volume":"178","author":"Cookson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R32-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03403740","article-title":"Modifiable risk factors for invasive meningococcal disease during an Edmonton, Alberta outbreak, 1999\u20132002","volume":"99","author":"Honish","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"key":"R33-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38725.728472.BE","article-title":"Risk and protective factors for meningococcal disease in adolescents: matched cohort study","volume":"332","author":"Tully","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"R34-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.129.6.1307","article-title":"Human immunity to the meningococcus. I. The role of humoral antibodies","volume":"129","author":"Goldschneider","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R35-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00740-0","article-title":"Host genetic determinants of Neisseria meningitidis infections","volume":"3","author":"Emonts","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"R36-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1086\/515075","article-title":"Assessment of complement deficiency in patients with meningococcal disease in The Netherlands","volume":"28","author":"Fijen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R37-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)67932-4","article-title":"Clinical recognition of meningococcal disease in children and adolescents","volume":"367","author":"Thompson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R38-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06771.x","article-title":"Chronic meningococcaemia: a forgotten meningococcal disease","volume":"153","author":"Harwood","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"R39-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2007.11.017","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of infectious diseases: the example of meningococcal disease","volume":"159","author":"Taha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"key":"R40-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2005.01327.x","article-title":"Dynamics of PCR-based diagnosis in patients with invasive meningococcal disease","volume":"12","author":"Bronska","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"R41-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1086\/529391","article-title":"Increased detection of meningococcal infections in California using a polymerase chain reaction assay","volume":"46","author":"Cummings","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R42-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2008.00406.x","article-title":"Simultaneous single-tube PCR-based assay for the direct identification of the five most common meningococcal serogroups from clinical samples","volume":"53","author":"Drakopoulou","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"R43-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.4.1553-1558.2001","article-title":"Simultaneous detection of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae in suspected cases of meningitis and septicemia using real-time PCR","volume":"39","author":"Corless","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R44-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2006.00048.x","article-title":"Standardized nonculture techniques recommended for European reference laboratories","volume":"31","author":"Fox","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"R45-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e337","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030337","article-title":"New rapid diagnostic tests for Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, W135, C, and Y","volume":"3","author":"Chanteau","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R46-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1086\/377203","article-title":"Three days of intravenous benzyl penicillin treatment of meningococcal disease in adults","volume":"37","author":"Ellis-Pegler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R47-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2380","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1986.00360240108019","article-title":"Four days of penicillin therapy for meningococcal meningitis","volume":"146","author":"Viladrich","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"R48-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra052116","article-title":"Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults","volume":"354","author":"van de Beek","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R49-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.5.1169","article-title":"Lumbar puncture in pediatric bacterial meningitis: defining the time interval for recovery of cerebrospinal fluid pathogens after parenteral antibiotic pretreatment","volume":"108","author":"Kanegaye","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"R50-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6846.143","article-title":"Early treatment with parenteral penicillin in meningococcal disease","volume":"305","author":"Cartwright","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"R51-4-20210206","first-page":"485","article-title":"Exposure to patients with meningococcal disease on aircrafts: United States, 1999-2001.","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"R52-4-20210206","first-page":"173","article-title":"Emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria meningitidis: Minnesota and North Dakota, 2007-2008.","volume":"57","year":"2008","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"R53-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806414","article-title":"Emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Neisseria meningitidis in North America","volume":"360","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R54-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.111500","article-title":"Meningococcal A, C, Y and W-135 polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines","volume":"92","author":"Pace","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"R55-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2692","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.5.2692-2697.2000","article-title":"Mucosal immune responses to meningococcal group C conjugate and group A and C polysaccharide vaccines in adolescents","volume":"68","author":"Zhang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"R56-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7385.365","article-title":"Herd immunity from meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccination in England: database analysis","volume":"326","author":"Ramsay","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"R57-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1086\/527401","article-title":"Impact of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccines on carriage and herd immunity","volume":"197","author":"Maiden","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R58-4-20210206","first-page":"794","article-title":"Revised recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices to vaccinate all persons aged 11-18 years with meningococcal conjugate vaccine.","volume":"56","year":"2007","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"R59-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2514","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of conjugate meningococcal vaccination strategies in the United States","volume":"115","author":"Shepard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"R60-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-130","article-title":"Invasive meningococcal disease epidemiology and control measures: a framework for evaluation","volume":"7","author":"Caro","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"R61-4-20210206","first-page":"462","article-title":"Report from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP): decision not to recommend routine vaccination of all children aged 2-10 years with quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4).","volume":"57","year":"2008","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"R63-4-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.4513","article-title":"Strategies for development of universal vaccines against meningococcal serogroup B disease: the most promising options and the challenges evaluating them","volume":"3","author":"Holst","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/MOP.0b013e32832c9668","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T22:01:51Z","timestamp":1685052111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00008480-200908000-00004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mop.0b013e32832c9668","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-8703"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-8703","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}}}