{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T04:12:30Z","timestamp":1746245550046,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose of review<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with chronic end-stage liver disease. The posttransplant setting is complex, and an improved long-term graft and patient survival adds to the complexity. There are often multiple causes of graft dysfunction and the associated morbidity and disorder are varied. This review focuses on the current concepts of several recurrent diseases, emphasizing the interpretation of the posttransplant liver biopsies in long-term survivors as challenging and clinically more relevant then ever. It confirms the importance and the necessity of clinico-pathologic correlation in the posttransplant setting.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Recent findings<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The long-term graft and patient survival following liver transplantation has improved significantly over the past decade. The spectrum of histopathologic patterns seen in liver biopsies and our understanding of them have evolved and expanded considerably, so much so, that both pathologists and clinicians alike now recognize new and emerging disease patterns not previously encountered in the nontransplant setting.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Typical histopathologic features are usually easily identified and interpreted in liver biopsies. There are, however, a number of atypical histopathologic patterns, especially in the setting of recurrent diseases, often modified by immunosuppression, or altered by other immune-mediated processes, autoimmunity, or hepatotoxicity. Several conditions and entities, especially in the late posttransplant setting, including atypical allograft rejection, idiopathic posttransplant hepatitis, the spectrum of changes seen in recurrent hepatitis C, nodular regenerative hyperplasia, and de-novo disease occurrence, to name a few, have all been recognized in the past several years.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mot.0b013e32835365f6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,12]],"date-time":"2012-04-12T13:02:47Z","timestamp":1334235767000},"page":"293-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Recurrent diseases following liver transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Lydia M.","family":"Petrovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04083","article-title":"Hepatitis C and liver transplantation.","volume":"436","author":"Brown","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R2-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S32","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20942","article-title":"Early recurrent hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation.","volume":"12","author":"Petrovic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R3-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200405000-00015","article-title":"Recurrent hepatitis C in liver allografts: prospective assessment of diagnostic accuracy, identifications of pitfalls, and observations about pathogenesis.","volume":"28","author":"Demetris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"R4-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.5858\/2000-124-1623-SHCVRL","article-title":"Serum hepatitis C virus RNA levels and histologic findings in liver allografts with early recurrent hepatitis C virus in human liver transplant.","volume":"124","author":"Park","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"R5-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346361","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-346","article-title":"Human cell types important for hepatitis C virus replication in vivo and in vitro. Old assertions and current evidence.","volume":"8","author":"Revie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"R6-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290122","article-title":"High incidence of allograft cirrhosis in hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection following transplantation: relationship with rejection episodes.","volume":"29","author":"Prieto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R7-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s10595-002-2537-5","article-title":"The influence of viral genotypes and rejection episodes on the recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation.","volume":"33","author":"Sugo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"key":"R8-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2011.10.008","article-title":"Human herpesvirus 6 in donor biopsies associated with the incidence of clinical cytomegalovirus disease and hepatitis C virus recurrence.","volume":"16","author":"Guardia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R9-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20060","article-title":"E2 quasispecies specificity of hepatitis C virus association with allografts immediately after liver transplantation.","volume":"10","author":"Hughes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R10-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.36546","article-title":"Evolution of hepatitis C viral quasispecies after liver transplantation.","volume":"123","author":"Lyra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R11-15-20250502","first-page":"134","article-title":"Hepatitis C etiology of liver disease is strongly associated with early acute rejection following liver transplantation.","volume":"12","author":"Taggart","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R12-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2004.12.169","article-title":"DR antigens influence graft outcome and HCV recurrence after liver transplantation.","volume":"37","author":"Kimball","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transpl Proc"},{"key":"R13-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.11.013","article-title":"HLA-DRB1 donor-recipient mismatch affects the outcome of hepatitis C disease recurrence after liver transplantation.","volume":"130","author":"Belli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R14-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.22175","article-title":"Postliver transplant cholestatic hepatitis C: a systematic review of clinical and pathological findings and application of consensus criteria.","volume":"16","author":"Narang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R15-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21011","article-title":"Early histological changes in fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis C.","volume":"13","author":"Dixon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R16-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2005.028126","article-title":"Immunohistochemical assessment of hepatitis C virus antigen in cholestatic hepatitis after liver transplantation.","volume":"59","author":"Fenwick","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"R18-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.500030407","article-title":"Comparison of histopathology in acute allograft rejection and recurrent hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation.","volume":"3","author":"Petrovic","year":"1997","journal-title":"Liver Transpl Surg"},{"key":"R19-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2001.21342","article-title":"Recurrent hepatitis C virus infection after orthotopic liver transplantation.","volume":"7","author":"Petrovic","year":"2001","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R20-15-20250502","first-page":"99","article-title":"Can early liver biopsies predict long-term outcome of the graft Liver T","volume":"9","author":"Petrovic","year":"2003","journal-title":"ranspl"},{"key":"R21-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199606000-00011","article-title":"Histologic progression of recurrent hepatitis C in liver transplant allografts.","volume":"20","author":"Greenson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"R22-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2002.35173","article-title":"Differential allograft gene expression in acute rejection and recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation.","volume":"8","author":"Sreekumar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R23-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.08.015","article-title":"Gene expression patterns that correlate with hepatitis C and progression to fibrosis in liver transplant recipients.","volume":"130","author":"Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R24-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250328","article-title":"Banff schema for grading liver allograft rejection: an international consensus document.","volume":"25","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R25-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(91)90084-O","article-title":"Classification of chronic viral hepatitis: a need for reassessment.","volume":"13","author":"Scheuer","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R26-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510240201","article-title":"the French METAVIR Cooperative study groupAn algorithm for grading activity in chronic hepatitis C.","volume":"24","author":"Bedossa","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R27-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21202","article-title":"Idiopathic posttransplant hepatitis.","volume":"13","author":"Shaikh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R28-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50278","article-title":"A model to predict severe HCV-related disease following liver transplantation.","volume":"38","author":"Berenguer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R29-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2011.04.009","article-title":"Liver transplantation and hepatitis C.","volume":"35","author":"Rubin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R31-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24390","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus-infected women have a higher risk of advanced fibrosis and graft loss after liver transplantation than men.","volume":"54","author":"Lai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R32-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.5.697","article-title":"Histology predicts cirrhotic evolution of posttransplant hepatitis C.","volume":"50","author":"Guido","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R33-15-20250502","first-page":"1111","article-title":"Molecular and cellular aspects of hepatitis C virus reinfection after liver transplantation: how the early phase impacts on outcome.","volume":"1105-","author":"McCaughan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R34-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20432","article-title":"early hepatic stellate cell activation is associated with advanced fibrosis after liver transplantation in recipients with hepatitis C.","volume":"11","author":"Russo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R35-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20238","article-title":"One-year protocol liver biopsy can stratify fibrosis progression in liver transplant recipients with recurrent hepatitis C infection.","volume":"10","author":"Firpi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R36-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20232","article-title":"Histologic recurrence of chronic hepatitis C virus infection after living donor and deceased donor liver transplantation.","volume":"10","author":"Shifmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R38-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3182259282","article-title":"Comparative analysis of hepatitis C recurrence and fibrosis progression between deceased-donor and living-donor liver transplantation: 8 year longitudinal follow-up.","volume":"92","author":"Jain","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R39-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20189","article-title":"Effects of interferon treatment on liver histology and allograft rejection in patients with recurrent hepatitis C following liver transplantation.","volume":"10","author":"Stravitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R40-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21780","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of chronic rejection during antiviral therapy for posttransplant recurrent hepatitis C.","volume":"15","author":"Fernandez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R41-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2010.03.040","article-title":"Genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus predicts recurrent disease after liver transplantation.","volume":"402","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"R42-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2009.02666.x","article-title":"Hepatitis C compartmentalization and infection recurrence after liver transplantation.","volume":"9","author":"Ramirez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R43-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra052723","article-title":"The many roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in inflammation.","volume":"354","author":"Charo","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R44-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200112270-00016","article-title":"Differential expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors shapes the inflammatory response in rejecting human liver transplants.","volume":"72","author":"Goddard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R45-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2011.03458.x","article-title":"Characterization of HCV-specific CD4Th17 immunity in recurrent hepatitis C-induced liver allograft fibrosis.","volume":"11","author":"Basha","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Transpl"},{"key":"R46-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2006.00838.x","article-title":"The role of chemokines as inflammatory mediators in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.","volume":"14","author":"Zeremski","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Viral Hepatol"},{"key":"R47-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22500","article-title":"Intrahepatic levels of CXCR3-associated chemokines correlate with liver inflammation and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C.","volume":"48","author":"Zeremski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"R48-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1086\/646614","article-title":"Peripheral CXCR3-associated chemokines as biomarkers of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C virus infection.","author":"Zeremski","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R49-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24098","article-title":"Serum chemokine CXC ligand 10 (CXCL10) predicts fibrosis progression after liver transplantation for hepatitis C infection.","volume":"53","author":"Berres","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R50-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24154","article-title":"IL28B genetic variation and treatment response in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infection.","volume":"53","author":"Moghaddam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R51-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.22092","article-title":"Impact of genetic polymorphisms near UL28B gene and amino acid substitutions in the hepatitis C virus core region on interferon sensitivityresistance in patients with chronic hepatitis C.","volume":"83","author":"Toyoda","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"R52-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.07.027","article-title":"Determination of IL28B polymorphism in liver biopsies obtained after liver transplantation.","volume":"56","author":"Colo-Lierne","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R53-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2010.03080.x","article-title":"Phenotypic expression of recurrent disease after liver transplantation.","volume":"10","author":"OGrady","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Transpl"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R54-15-20250502","first-page":"7","article-title":"Hepatitis B immune globulin: the US experience.","volume":"14","author":"Pruett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"R55-15-20250502","first-page":"180","article-title":"Does preliver transplant HBV-DNA level affect HBV recurrence or survival in liver transplant recipients receiving HBIg and nucleos(t)ide analogues Ann H","volume":"10","author":"Campos-Varela","year":"2011","journal-title":"epatol"},{"key":"R56-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i11.1706","article-title":"Protocol liver biopsies in long-term management of patients transplanted for hepatitis B-related liver disease.","volume":"12","author":"Targhetta","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R57-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/S1499-3872(11)60101-X","article-title":"Polymorphism of CCL3L1CCR5 genes and recurrence of hepatitis B in liver transplant recipients.","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int"},{"key":"R58-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S50","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20946","article-title":"Histologic findings in recurrent HBV.","volume":"12","author":"Thung","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R59-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1586\/egh.09.16","article-title":"Recurrent nonviral liver disease following liver transplantation.","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R60-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21916","article-title":"Recurrence of autoimmune disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis, primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation.","volume":"15","author":"Duclos-Valle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R61-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.10.028","article-title":"Autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation.","volume":"10","author":"Liberal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R62-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-011-0236-2","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hepatitis.","volume":"14","author":"Vierling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"R63-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00586.x","article-title":"Recurrence of disease following orthotopic liver transplantation.","volume":"101","author":"Kotlyar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R64-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)06478-7","article-title":"De novo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation.","volume":"351","author":"Kerkar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R65-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2005.10.042","article-title":"Glutathion S-transferase T1 genetic mismatch is a risk factor for de novo immune hepatitis in liver transplantation.","volume":"37","author":"Agullera","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R66-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21721","article-title":"Risk factors for developing de novo autoimmune hepatitis associated with antiglutathione-S-transferase T1 antibodies after liver transplantation.","volume":"15","author":"Salcedo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R67-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2010.03038.x","article-title":"Recurrent primary biliary cirrhosis after liver transplantation.","volume":"10","author":"Silveira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Transpl"},{"key":"R68-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198201073060101","article-title":"Recurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis after liver transplantation.","volume":"306","author":"Neuberger","year":"1982","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R69-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21679","article-title":"A re-evaluation of the risk factors for the recurrence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in liver allografts.","volume":"15","author":"Alabarba","year":"2009","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R70-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2002.33952","article-title":"Recurrence of primary sclerosing cholangitis after liver transplantation.","volume":"8","author":"Grazadei","year":"2002","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R71-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i1.1","article-title":"Recurrence and rejection in liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis.","volume":"18","author":"Fosby","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R72-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21943","article-title":"Recurrent disease following liver transplantation for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis.","volume":"15","author":"Malik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R73-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e31820b6b84","article-title":"NAFLD recurrence in liver transplant recipients.","volume":"91","author":"Dureja","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R74-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.720","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after liver transplantation: a case of nurture and nature.","volume":"105","author":"Ong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R75-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.717","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in liver transplant recipients: another story of seed and soul.","volume":"105","author":"Dumortier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R76-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2006.01396.x","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical association of posttransplant fatty liver disease.","volume":"27","author":"Lim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"R77-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.22004","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.","volume":"16","author":"Yalamanchilli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R78-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21524","article-title":"The significance of metabolic syndrome in the setting of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation.","volume":"14","author":"Hanouneh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R79-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20701","article-title":"Design and validation of histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.","volume":"41","author":"Kleiner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R80-15-20250502","first-page":"6","article-title":"De novo nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after liver transplantation.","volume":"6","author":"Seo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R81-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00070-8","article-title":"Serial liver biopsies: a gateway into understanding the long term health of the liver allograft.","volume":"34","author":"Lucey","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R82-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318195a7cb","article-title":"Requirement of protocol biopsy before and after complete cessation of immunosuppression after liver transplantation.","volume":"87","author":"Yoshitomi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R83-15-20250502","first-page":"1293","article-title":"Histologic abnormalities are common in protocol 10-year liver biopsies.","volume":"37","author":"Abraham","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R84-15-20250502","first-page":"702","article-title":"What is the long-term outcome of the liver allograft J H","volume":"55","author":"Hubscher","year":"2011","journal-title":"epatol"},{"key":"R85-15-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181c96b32","article-title":"Heterogeneous inflammatory changes in liver graft recipients with normal biochemistry.","volume":"89","author":"Gelson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transplantation"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00075200-201206000-00015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T22:04:45Z","timestamp":1746223485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00075200-201206000-00015"}},"subtitle":["current concepts"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mot.0b013e32835365f6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1087-2418"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1087-2418"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}}}