{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:34:21Z","timestamp":1792096461863,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/mou.0b013e32834d9bfd","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,10]],"date-time":"2011-11-10T10:06:43Z","timestamp":1320919603000},"page":"7-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["\u03b1-Blockers for benign prostatic hyperplasia"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Lepor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Kazzazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bob","family":"Djavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-3-20210206","first-page":"3","article-title":"The prostate gland: morphology and pathobiology.","volume":"4","author":"McNeal","year":"1983","journal-title":"Monogr Urol"},{"key":"R2-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2006.07.005","article-title":"Benign prostatic hyperplasia: a review and ultrasound classification.","volume":"44","author":"Wasserman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"R3-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)67448-2","article-title":"Natural history of prostatism: relationship among symptoms, prostate volume and peak urinary flow rate.","volume":"153","author":"Girman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R6-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030656","article-title":"for the Medical Therapy of Prostatic Symptoms (MTOPS) Research Group. The long-term effects of doxazosin, finasteride and the combination on the clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"349","author":"McConnell","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R7-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)00041-8","article-title":"for the MTOPS Research Group. Relationship between prostate size and the effect of combination therapy with doxazosin and finasteride versus either drug alone on the clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"75","author":"Kaplan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R8-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)35482-4","article-title":"Relationship of symptoms of prostatism to commonly used physiological and anatomical measures of the severity of benign prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"150","author":"Barry","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R9-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)35405-8","article-title":"The prevalence of prostatism: a population-based survey of urinary symptoms.","volume":"150","author":"Chute","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R10-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199608223350801","article-title":"The efficacy of terazosin, finasteride, or both in benign prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"335","author":"Lepor","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R12-3-20210206","first-page":"73","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for the treatment of male lower urinary tract symptoms.","volume":"9","author":"Kaplan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"key":"R13-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2319","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.19.2319","article-title":"Tolterodine and tamsulosin for treatment of men with lower urinary tract symptoms and overactive bladder.","volume":"296","author":"Kaplan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"R14-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)62536-9","article-title":"The impact of medical therapy on bother due to symptom, quality of life and global outcome, and factors predicting response.","volume":"160","author":"Lepor","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R15-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.2003.04309.x","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of alfuzosin 10mg once-daily in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms and clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia: a pooled analysis of three double-blind, placebo-controlled studies.","volume":"92","author":"Roehrborn","year":"2003","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"R16-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)56476-9","article-title":"Light microscopic stereological analysis of the normal human prostate and of benign prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"122","author":"Bartsch","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R17-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)37546-8","article-title":"The relative proportion of stromal and epithelial hyperplasia as related to the development of clinical BPH.","volume":"147","author":"Shapiro","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R18-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)41282-1","article-title":"Nonoperative management of benign prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"141","author":"Lepor","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R19-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1975.tb03947.x","article-title":"Adrenergic and cholinergic receptors in the human prostate, prostatic capsule and bladder neck.","volume":"27","author":"Caine","year":"1975","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"R20-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)50110-X","article-title":"Characterization of the alpha1 adrenergic receptor in human benign prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"132","author":"Lepor","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R21-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)45971-4","article-title":"Alpha2 adrenergic receptors in hyperplastic human prostate: identification and characterization using 3H rauwolscine.","volume":"135","author":"Shapiro","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R22-3-20210206","first-page":"21","article-title":"Laboratory assessment of terazosin and alpha1 blockade in prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"32","author":"Lepor","year":"1988","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"R23-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)36170-0","article-title":"Alpha 1 adrenoceptor subtypes in the human prostate.","volume":"149","author":"Lepor","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R24-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)35954-2","article-title":"Characterization and localization of prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors using radioligand receptor binding on slide-mounted tissue section.","volume":"150","author":"Kobayashi","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R25-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)61986-4","article-title":"Localization and expression of the alpha1A-1, alpha1B and alpha1D-adrenoceptors in hyperplastic and non hyperplastic human prostate.","volume":"161","author":"Walden","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R26-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)10156-9","article-title":"The alpha1 adrenergic receptor that mediates smooth muscle contraction in human prostate has the pharmacologic properties of the cloned human alpha 1c subtype.","volume":"45","author":"Forray","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"R27-3-20210206","first-page":"255","article-title":"The use of alpha adrenergic blockers in benign prostatic obstruction.","volume":"48","author":"Caine","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"R28-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1978.tb06210.x","article-title":"A placebo-controlled double-blind study of the effect of phenoxybenzamine in benign prostatic obstruction.","volume":"50","author":"Caine","year":"1978","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"R29-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1987.tb04950.x","article-title":"Prazosin in the treatment of prostatic obstruction: a placebo-controlled study.","volume":"60","author":"Kirby","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"R30-3-20210206","first-page":"11","article-title":"The effect of prazosin in benign prostatic hypertrophy, a placebo controlled double-blind study.","volume":"12","author":"Martorana","year":"1984","journal-title":"IRCS Med Sci"},{"key":"R31-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)36941-0","article-title":"A multicenter fixed-dose study of the safety and efficacy of terazosin in the treatment of the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"148","author":"Lepor","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R32-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.2.9.929","article-title":"Terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasic.","volume":"2","author":"Brawer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Fam Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R33-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1992.tb15862.x","article-title":"Terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a multicentre, placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"70","author":"Lloyd","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"R35-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)67240-9","article-title":"Doxazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in normotensive patients: a multicenter study.","volume":"154","author":"Fawzy","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R36-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)67243-4","article-title":"Doxazosin for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension: a double-blind, placebo- controlled dose response multicenter study.","volume":"154","author":"Gillenwater","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R38-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1998.00747.x","article-title":"Terazosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia: effect on blood pressure in normotensive and hypertensive men.","volume":"82","author":"Kirby","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"R39-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)80191-5","article-title":"Doxazosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia: effects on blood pressure and urinary flow in normotensive and hypertensive men.","volume":"46","author":"Kirby","year":"1995","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"R40-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.1967","article-title":"Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin versus chlorthalidone. The antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT).","volume":"283","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"R41-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15480.x","article-title":"Evaluation of the pharmacological selectivity profile of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists at prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors: binding, functional and in vivo studies.","volume":"118","author":"Kenny","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R42-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)10156-9","article-title":"The alpha 1-adrenergic receptor that mediates smooth muscle contraction in human prostate has the pharmacological properties of the cloned human alpha 1c subtype.","volume":"45","author":"Forray","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"R43-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(98)00126-5","article-title":"Phase III multicenter placebo-controlled study of tamsulosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"51","year":"1998","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"R44-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)62386-3","article-title":"The United States 93-01Study Group: a second phase III multicenter placebo controlled study of 2 doses of modified release tamsulosin in patients with symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia.","volume":"160","author":"Narayan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R46-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.06.004","article-title":"Effects of acute treatment with tamsulosin versus alfuzosin on ejaculatory function in normal volunteers.","volume":"176","author":"Hellstrom","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R49-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1159\/000052361","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of a new prolonged release formulation of alfuzosin 10mg once daily versus alfuzosin 2.5mg thrice daily and placebo in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. ALFORTI Study Group.","volume":"37","author":"Van Kerrebroeck","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"R50-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(01)01448-0","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of once-daily alfuzosin in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms and clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia; a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"58","author":"Roehrborn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"R53-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.30.12.1303","article-title":"Silodosin for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: pharmacology and cardiovascular tolerability.","volume":"30","author":"Lepor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"R54-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.02.034","article-title":"Rapid efficacy of the highly selective alpha1A-adrenoceptor antagonist silodosin in men with signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia: pooled results of 2 phase 3 studies.","volume":"181","author":"Marks","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R55-3-20210206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/pcan.2010.46","article-title":"Symptomatic and urodynamic responses in patients with reduced or no seminal emission during silodosin treatment for LUTS and BPH.","volume":"14","author":"Roehrborn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Urology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/MOU.0b013e32834d9bfd","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T23:40:01Z","timestamp":1741909201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00042307-201201000-00003"}},"subtitle":["the new era"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mou.0b013e32834d9bfd","relation":{},"ISSN":["0963-0643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0963-0643","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}}}