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Risk for NAFLD was defined by fasting serum ALT values &gt;97.5th percentile for age\u2010 and sex\u2010specific reference values.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fasting serum ALT was elevated in 24% of overweight children and in only 4% of nonoverweight children. Therefore, to identify risk factors associated with elevated ALT, the remaining statistical analysis was restricted to the overweight group. The percentage of overweight children with elevated ALT did not differ by sex, age, or Tanner stage. Weight, body mass index, <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic> score, waist\u2010to\u2010hip ratio, fat\u2010free mass, fat mass, and percent truncal fat mass were higher in the overweight children with elevated ALT. Fasting insulin, glucose, and homeostasis model\u2010insulin resistance were higher in the overweight children with elevated ALT, as were triglycerides, total cholesterol, low\u2010density lipoprotein, thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone, and triiodothyronine. Fasting serum leptin, C\u2010reactive protein, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule\u20101 were significantly higher and adiponectin was lower in the overweight children with elevated ALT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The risk for developing NAFLD was high in the overweight Hispanic children. The proportion of \u201cat risk\u201d children was not influenced by gender, age, or maturation. The risk for elevated ALT was predicted by the severity of obesity, central adiposity, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone, and systemic inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mpg.0b013e31802d4acc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,24]],"date-time":"2007-01-24T09:02:56Z","timestamp":1169629376000},"page":"228-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Risk for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Hispanic Youth With BMI \u226595th Percentile"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Rub\u00e9n E","family":"Quir\u00f3s\u2010Tejeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Medical School Department of Pediatrics Houston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chantal A","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Department of Molecular and Cellular 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