{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T22:48:04Z","timestamp":1776898084200,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the disease presentation, disease phenotype, and clinical course between black and white children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 10\u2010year retrospective review was undertaken of the medical records of 245 pediatric patients with IBD studied at a tertiary care center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this patient population 24% were black and 76% were white. There were no differences between black and white patients in terms of anatomic distribution of IBD, symptom presentation, and extraintestinal manifestations. A family history of IBD (36.4% vs 17.5%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.006) was more common in white children. Mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate of black patients with Crohn disease was higher at diagnosis compared with whites (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and a greater proportion of African Americans presented with a body mass index <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score less than \u22122 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.009). At 12 months following diagnosis 22.5% of African American children had a hemoglobin level lower than 10 g\/dL compared with 4.3% of whites (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). African Americans had evidence of more complicating stricturing and penetrating Crohn disease behavior (51.3% vs 27.4%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.006). African Americans received significantly more corticosteroids and infliximab to treat their IBD compared with whites (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.04).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study suggests that for pediatric IBD, there may be racial differences in prevalence of family history and in disease phenotype.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mpg.0b013e3180335bb3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,20]],"date-time":"2007-04-20T08:05:12Z","timestamp":1177056312000},"page":"555-560","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Disease Presentation and Clinical Course in Black and White Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Alexandra P","family":"Eidelwein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Fiorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Abadom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Oliva\u2010Hemker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200203000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.01.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200311000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)90317-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70187-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"709","article-title":"Crohn's disease in black patients","volume":"82","author":"Paul H","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02554120"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-005-0034-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MIB.0000171279.05471.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08512-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.18144"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.3780060103"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-198906000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.t01-1-01531.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200501000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35079107"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50045"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.40304.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","first-page":"A","article-title":"Racial differences in NOD2 variation: characterization of NOD2 in African\u2010Americans with Crohn's disease [abstract]","volume":"122","author":"Bonen DK","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rlu.0000093285.10199.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","first-page":"2150","article-title":"systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic cohort (LUMINA): XXIX. 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