{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T07:51:34Z","timestamp":1781596294506,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify risk as well as protective factors related to compliance with the gluten\u2010free diet in a cohort of teenagers with celiac disease (CD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred four patients with CD (European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition criteria) older than or equal to 13 years and residents of Campania (southern Italy) were enrolled in the study. Patients underwent clinical examination and blood sampling, and were interviewed about school performance, social relationships, family integration, smoking habit, and compliance with a gluten\u2010free diet. Anti\u2010tissue transglutaminase antibodies were assayed with an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred fifty of 204 (73.5%) reported no dietary transgressions, and 54 of 204 (26.5%) reported occasional or frequent transgressions. During the previous month 29 of 54 (53.7%) poor compliers ate from 0.001 to 1 g of gluten per day, 14 (25.9%) from 1 to 5 g, and 11 (20.4%) more than 5 g. The daily intake of gluten was significantly related to anti\u2010tissue transglutaminase antibodies (<jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 38.872, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000). Height was below the third percentile in 19 of 204 (9.3%), and weight was above the 97th percentile in 20 of 204 (9.8%). Diet compliance did not seem to influence the weight and height. One hundred eleven of 150 good compliers (74%) and 31of 54 (57.4%) poor compliers were asymptomatic. Most patients reported good family relationships (88.7%), social relationships (91.2%), and school integration (88.2%). Alternatively, 54% of patients reported some limitation in their social life. Compliance was good in patients who reported excellent school integration (83%) and social relationships (81%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Optimal school integration significantly contributes to the likelihood of good compliance. A better understanding within the school environment about CD\u2010related issues could improve motivation to adhere to a gluten\u2010free diet.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mpg.0b013e31819de82a","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,17]],"date-time":"2009-12-17T15:25:16Z","timestamp":1261063516000},"page":"54-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Celiac Disease: Predictors of Compliance With a Gluten\u2010free Diet in Adolescents and Young Adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Simona","family":"Errichiello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Magna Graecia Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food\u2010Induced Disease University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Di Mase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food\u2010Induced Disease University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Erminia","family":"Camarca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food\u2010Induced Disease University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clelia","family":"Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food\u2010Induced Disease University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Giovanna","family":"Limongelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food\u2010Induced Disease University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Marano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food\u2010Induced Disease University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Coruzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food\u2010Induced Disease University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food\u2010Induced Disease University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Strisciuglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food\u2010Induced Disease University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food\u2010Induced Disease University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"AuricchioS VisakorpiJK.Common Food Intolerances 1: Epidemiology of Celiac Disease. 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