{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T04:35:07Z","timestamp":1767846907812,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]],"date-time":"2013-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autoantibodies were studied in a well\u2010characterized cohort of children with chronic hepatitis C during treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin to assess the relation with treatment and development of autoimmune disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 114 children (5\u201317 years), screened for the presence of high\u2010titer autoantibodies, were randomized to pegylated interferon with or without ribavirin. Anti\u2010nuclear, anti\u2010liver\u2010kidney\u2010microsomal, anti\u2010thyroglobulin, anti\u2010thyroid peroxidase, insulin, anti\u2010glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies were measured after trial completion using frozen sera.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>At baseline, 19% had autoantibodies: anti\u2010nuclear antibodies (8%), anti\u2010liver\u2010kidney\u2010microsomal antibodies (4%), and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (4%). At 24 and 72 weeks (24 weeks after treatment completion), 23% and 26% had autoantibodies (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.50, 0.48 compared with baseline). One child developed diabetes and 2 hypothyroidism during treatment; none developed autoimmune hepatitis. At 24 weeks, the incidence of flu\u2010like symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, and headaches was 42%, 8% and 19% in those with autoantibodies versus 52%, 17%, and 26% in those without (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.18, 0.36, and 0.20, respectively). In children with negative hepatitis C virus polymerase chain reaction at 24 weeks, there was no difference in the rate of early virologic response\/sustained virologic response, respectively, in those with autoantibodies 76%\/69% vs 58%\/65% in those without (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.48).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite screening, we found autoantibodies commonly at baseline, during treatment for chronic hepatitis C and after. The presence of antibodies did not correlate with viral response, adverse effects, or autoimmune hepatitis. Neither screening nor archived samples assayed for thyroid and diabetes\u2010related antibodies identified the 3 subjects who developed overt autoimmune disease, diabetes (1), and hypothyroidism (2).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mpg.0b013e3182774cae","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,17]],"date-time":"2012-11-17T08:16:28Z","timestamp":1353140188000},"page":"304-310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Autoantibodies and Autoimmune Disease During Treatment of Children With Chronic Hepatitis C"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Jean P.","family":"Molleston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Mellman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Narkewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine and The Children's Hospital Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William F.","family":"Balistreri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Cincinnati Children's Medical Center Cincinnati OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regino P.","family":"Gonzalez\u2010Peralta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Florida College of Medicine and Shand's Children's Hospital Gainesville FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maureen M.","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Children's Hospital Boston Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Lobritto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Columbia University Medical Center New York NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parvathi","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Children's National Medical Center Washington DC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen F.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Seattle Children's Seattle WA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dolores","family":"Njoku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition Section of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of California San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce A.","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maryland Medical Research Institute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica V.","family":"Talor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Division of Immunology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials and Surveys Corp Owings Mills MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen B.","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition Section of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara A.","family":"Haber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"PEDS\u2010C Clinical Research 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