{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T22:12:58Z","timestamp":1789942378382,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"\n The aim of this study was to identify a gait training type that better improves the walking and balancing abilities of adult patients with chronic hemiplegic stroke. Single-blinded, randomized, controlled, comparative preliminary study was carried out. Patients were recruited from the inpatient unit of a Rehabilitation Hospital. Thirty-one patients who had experienced hemiplegic stroke were randomly assigned to three groups: the heel group (gait training by active weight bearing on the paretic heel with auditory feedback), the forefoot group (gait training with auditory feedback from paretic metatarsals), and the control group (general gait intervention). All patients performed 30\u2009min of comprehensive rehabilitation therapy followed by an additional 20\u2009min of gait intervention with or without auditory feedback three times a week for 6 weeks. Significant improvements in walking and balancing variables were observed after gait training in all three groups (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.05). However, significantly larger gains were identified in the heel group than in the control group (center of loading path length, \u221229.4 vs. \u221211.4%,\n d<\/jats:italic>\n =\u22121.0; center of loading path velocity, \u221235.8 vs. \u221219.6%,\n d<\/jats:italic>\n =\u22121.4). In addition, significantly larger gains were observed in the forefoot group than in the control group (functional gait assessment, +42.6 vs. +20.1%,\n d<\/jats:italic>\n =1.3; center of loading path length, \u221237.2 vs. \u221211.4%,\n d<\/jats:italic>\n =\u22121.8; center of loading path velocity, \u221236.0 vs. \u221219.6%,\n d<\/jats:italic>\n =\u22121.3). Auditory feedback during active weight bearing on paretic feet appears to more effectively improve the walking and balancing abilities of hemiplegic stroke patients than general gait training.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/mrr.0000000000000295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,19]],"date-time":"2018-05-19T21:39:40Z","timestamp":1526765980000},"page":"239-243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effects of gait training with auditory feedback on walking and balancing ability in adults after hemiplegic stroke: a preliminary, randomized, controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Yong-Jun","family":"Cha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Deptartment of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Medical Science"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung-Doo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Center, Bonifacio Hospital, Daejeon City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ran","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deptartment of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Daejeon University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan-Hyang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deptartment of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Daejeon University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Min","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju City, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230918","first-page":"49","article-title":"Influence of visual and auditory biofeedback on partial body weight support treadmill training of individuals with chronic hemiparesis: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"51","author":"Brasileiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"R2-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.04.020","article-title":"Clinical impact of gait training enhanced with visual kinematic biofeedback: Patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and patients stable post stroke","volume":"79","author":"Byl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"R3-20230918","article-title":"Walking and balance ability gain from two types of gait intervention in adult patients with chronic hemiplegic stroke: a pilot study","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Assist Technol"},{"key":"R4-20230918","first-page":"127","article-title":"Biofeedback rehabilitation of posture and weightbearing distribution in stroke: a center of foot pressure analysis","volume":"29","author":"De Nunzio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"key":"R5-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3843(14)60154-7","article-title":"The use of a treadmill with biofeedback function in assessment of relearning walking skills in post-stroke hemiplegic patients: a preliminary report","volume":"44","author":"Dru\u017cbicki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol Neurochir Pol"},{"key":"R6-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.11.022","article-title":"Effects of gait training with body weight support on a treadmill versus overground in individuals with stroke","volume":"98","author":"Gama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R7-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215510389497","article-title":"Combined transcranial direct current stimulation and robot-assisted gait training in patients with chronic stroke: a preliminary comparison","volume":"25","author":"Geroin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"R8-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2010.02.0020","article-title":"Measurement of lower-limb muscle spasticity: intrarater reliability of Modified Modified Ashworth Scale","volume":"48","author":"Ghotbi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"R9-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90053-9","article-title":"Reliability of the tone assessment scale and the modified Ashworth scale as clinical tools for assessing poststroke spasticity","volume":"80","author":"Gregson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R10-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.27.1267","article-title":"Effects of auditory feedback during gait training on hemiplegic patients\u2019 weight bearing and dynamic balance ability","volume":"27","author":"Ki","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"R11-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.13066\/kspm.2015.10.4.49","article-title":"Research Article: Open Access: effects of emphasized initial contact auditory feedback gait training on balance and gait in stroke patients","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Phys Med"},{"key":"R12-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70150-4","article-title":"Motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Langhorne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"R13-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215506cr959oa","article-title":"Using the timed up and go test to stratify elderly inpatients at risk of falls","volume":"20","author":"Large","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"R14-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2015.07.004","article-title":"Plantarflexor weakness is a determinant of kinetic asymmetry during gait in post-stroke individuals walking with high levels of effort","volume":"30","author":"Lauzi\u00e8re","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"key":"R22-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2014.03.019","article-title":"Activation deficit correlates with weakness in chronic stroke: evidence from evoked and voluntary EMG recordings","volume":"125","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"R15-20230918","first-page":"1147","article-title":"Electrogoniometric feedback: its effect on genu recurvatum in stroke","volume":"73","author":"Morris","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R16-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.04.033","article-title":"Gait training in subacute non-ambulatory stroke patients using a full weight-bearing gait-assistance robot: a prospective, randomized, open, blinded-endpoint trial","volume":"353","author":"Ochi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"R17-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.09.352","article-title":"Effect of spasticity on kinematics of gait and muscular activation in people with Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"358","author":"Pau","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"R18-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.06.129","article-title":"Gait rehabilitation of post-stroke patients by treadmill gait training with visual feedback","volume":"42","author":"Pavare","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"R19-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.08.020","article-title":"Racial differences in cognitive function and risk of incident stroke","volume":"24","author":"Rajan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"R20-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2016.01.014","article-title":"Bodyweight-supported treadmill training for retraining gait among chronic stroke survivors: a randomized controlled study","volume":"59","author":"Srivastava","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"R21-20230918","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.03.007","article-title":"Dual-task-related gait changes in individuals with stroke","volume":"25","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gait Posture"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Rehabilitation Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00004356-201809000-00008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T02:21:22Z","timestamp":1695003682000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00004356-201809000-00008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mrr.0000000000000295","relation":{},"ISSN":["0342-5282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0342-5282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}}}