{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T12:08:02Z","timestamp":1761653282119,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Technological and social advances have improved prosthetic devices; however, discomfort during prosthesis use remains a persistent problem. Therefore, ongoing assessment of socket fit is essential. This process is key to ensuring long-term functionality and comfort for prosthetic users. This study aimed to adapt the Comprehensive Lower-limb Amputee Socket Survey (CLASS) into Turkish and evaluate its validity and reliability in individuals with combat-related unilateral lower-limb amputation at K3 and K4 mobility levels. We performed cross-cultural adaptation and validation using multiple outcome measures reflecting various aspects of socket fit. A cross-sectional test\u2013retest design was used with 80 prosthesis-using participants recruited from a rehabilitation hospital. Reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and internal consistency via Cronbach\u2019s\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The Turkish CLASS demonstrated strong test\u2013retest reliability across its domains (ICC\u2005=\u20050.80\u20130.90) and high internal consistency (Cronbach\u2019s\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ranging from 0.73 to 0.87 across subscales). No significant floor effects were observed. Validity was examined through correlations with the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experiences Scale (TAPES), Satisfaction with Prosthesis Questionnaire (SAT-PRO), and Socket Comfort Score (SCS). The comfort domain of Turkish CLASS showed strong correlations with SAT-PRO (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2005=\u20050.62) and SCS (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2005=\u20050.74), while other domains had moderate correlations with TAPES subscales (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2005=\u20050.43\u20130.55), supporting concurrent validity. The minimum detectable change scores across the domains ranged from 9.3 (comfort) to 16.1 (appearance). These findings indicate that the Turkish CLASS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing socket fit in unilateral lower-limb amputees and is suitable for routine clinical use.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/mrr.0000000000000683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T07:00:10Z","timestamp":1759906810000},"page":"232-239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A multidimensional validation study of the Turkish version of the Comprehensive Lower-limb Amputee Socket Survey in veterans"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Ceren","family":"Kuzu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics Unit"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasin","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Gaziler Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sevilay","family":"Karahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Department of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Semra","family":"Topuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Analysis Laboratory of the Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation"},{"name":"Application and Research Center for Movement Analysis and Podiatry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-200108000-00003","article-title":"Use and satisfaction with prosthetic devices among persons with trauma-related amputations: a 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