{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T05:43:53Z","timestamp":1792215833865,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/nmd.0b013e3181c299ea","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,11]],"date-time":"2009-12-11T09:01:03Z","timestamp":1260522063000},"page":"892-898","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Auditory Hallucinations in Dissociative Identity Disorder and Schizophrenia With and Without a Childhood Trauma History"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"197","author":[{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Dorahy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciar\u00e1n","family":"Shannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenaire","family":"Seagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Corr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kellie","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donncha","family":"Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciaran","family":"Mulholland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warwick","family":"Middleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-4-20210208","article-title":"Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A Retrospective Self-report.","author":"Bernstein","year":"1998"},{"key":"R4-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.150.3.489","article-title":"Multiple personality disorder in the Netherlands: A clinical investigation of 71 patients.","volume":"150","author":"Boon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R5-4-20210208","first-page":"16","article-title":"An update on the Dissociative Experiences Scale.","volume":"6","author":"Carlson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dissociation"},{"key":"R6-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(94)00069-K","article-title":"The development and reliability of the Mental Health Research Institute Unusual Perceptions Schedule (MUPS): An instrument to record auditory hallucinatory experience.","volume":"16","author":"Carter","year":"1995","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"R7-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-200201000-00003","article-title":"Dissociative phenomenology of dissociative identity disorder.","volume":"190","author":"Dell","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"R8-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1017\/S0813483900003818","article-title":"Persisting auditory hallucinations: Prospects for non-medication interventions in a hospital population.","volume":"13","author":"Farhall","year":"1996","journal-title":"Behav Change"},{"key":"R9-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024708916143","article-title":"Reliability of reports of violent victimization and PTSD among men and women with SMI.","volume":"12","author":"Goodman","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Traum Stress"},{"key":"R10-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000172480.56308.21","article-title":"Trauma and hallucinatory experience in psychosis.","volume":"193","author":"Hardy","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"R11-4-20210208","first-page":"1404","article-title":"Auditory hallucinations and dissociative identity disorder: Reply.","volume":"152","author":"Hoffman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R12-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199810000-00009","article-title":"Auditory hallucinations: A comparison between patients and nonpatients.","volume":"186","author":"Honig","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"R13-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1080\/10398560801982580","article-title":"Hallucinations in adolescent inpatients with post-traumatic stress disorder and schizophrenia: Similarities and differences.","volume":"16","author":"Jessop","year":"2008","journal-title":"Australas Psychiatry"},{"key":"R14-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1348\/014466502163813","article-title":"A comparison of auditory hallucinations in a psychiatric and non-psychiatric group.","volume":"41","author":"Johns","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"R15-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00623.x","article-title":"Relationships between trauma and psychosis: An exploration of cognitive and dissociative factors.","volume":"112","author":"Kilcommons","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"R16-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20119","article-title":"Sexual and physical abuse among Korean female inpatients with schizophrenia.","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"R17-4-20210208","article-title":"SPSS 15 Made Simple.","author":"Kinnear","year":"2008"},{"key":"R18-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.144.3.293","article-title":"First rank symptoms as a diagnostic clue to multiple personality disorder.","volume":"144","author":"Kluft","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R20-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.12.1703","article-title":"Objective documentation of child abuse and dissociation in 12 murderers with dissociative identity disorder.","volume":"154","author":"Lewis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R21-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.3109\/00048679809073868","article-title":"Dissociative identity disorder: An Australian series.","volume":"32","author":"Middleton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Australas NZ J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R22-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00143-6","article-title":"Intrusive thoughts and auditory hallucinations: A comparative study of intrusions in psychosis.","volume":"38","author":"Morrison","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"R23-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1300\/J513v06n02_04","article-title":"Auditory hallucinations: Psychotic symptom or dissociative experience.","volume":"6","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Psychol Trauma"},{"key":"R24-4-20210208","first-page":"521","article-title":"Dissociation and Dissociative Disorders: DSM IV and Beyond","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2009"},{"key":"R25-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470699652","article-title":"Psychosis, Trauma and Dissociation: Emerging Perspectives on Severe Psychopathology.","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2008a"},{"key":"R26-4-20210208","first-page":"65","article-title":"Psychosis, Trauma and Dissociation: Emerging Perspectives on Severe Psychopathology","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2008b"},{"key":"R27-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2008.02.012","article-title":"Trauma effects schizophrenia presentation in Northern Ireland.","volume":"102","author":"Mulholland","year":"2008","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"R28-4-20210208","first-page":"271","article-title":"Psychosis, Trauma and Dissociation: Emerging Perspectives on Severe Psychopathology","author":"Nurcombe","year":"2008"},{"key":"R29-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.9.1403-b","article-title":"Auditory hallucinations and dissociative identity disorder.","volume":"152","author":"Peterson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R31-4-20210208","article-title":"Dissociation in Children and Adolescents: A Developmental Perspective.","author":"Putnam","year":"1997"},{"key":"R32-4-20210208","first-page":"285","article-title":"The clinical phenomenology of multiple personality disorder: Review of 100 recent cases.","volume":"47","author":"Putnam","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"R33-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1521\/psyc.64.4.319.18602","article-title":"The contribution of early traumatic events to schizophrenia in some patients: A traumagenic neurodevelopmental model.","volume":"64","author":"Read","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychiatry"},{"key":"R34-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00634.x","article-title":"Childhood trauma, psychosis and schizophrenia: A literature review with theoretical and clinical implications.","volume":"112","author":"Read","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"R35-4-20210208","first-page":"162","article-title":"Trauma and Psychosis: New Directions for Theory and Therapy.","author":"Romme","year":"2006"},{"key":"R36-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1980.01780250069008","article-title":"The role of the term schizophrenia in the decline of diagnoses of multiple personality.","volume":"37","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"NJ","key":"R37-4-20210208","first-page":"Aronson","article-title":"The validity and reliability of dissociative identity disorder. In LM Cohen, JN Berzoff, MR Elin, (Eds), Dissociative Identity Disorder: Theoretical and Treatment Controversies (pp. 65 84).","author":"Ross","year":"1995","journal-title":"Northvale"},{"key":"R38-4-20210208","article-title":"Dissociative identity disorder: Diagnosis, Clinical Features and Treatment of Multiple Personality 2nd ed.","author":"Ross","year":"1997"},{"key":"R39-4-20210208","article-title":"Schizophrenia: Innovations in Diagnosis and Treatment.","author":"Ross","year":"2004"},{"key":"R40-4-20210208","first-page":"489","article-title":"Childhood abuse and the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.","volume":"45","author":"Ross","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hosp Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"R41-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198908000-00006","article-title":"Differences between multiple personality disorder and other diagnostic groups on structured interview.","volume":"177","author":"Ross","year":"1989a","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"R42-4-20210208","first-page":"169","article-title":"The Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule: A structured interview.","volume":"2","author":"Ross","year":"1989b","journal-title":"Dissociation"},{"key":"R43-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(92)90052-R","article-title":"Schneiderian symptoms and childhood trauma in the general population.","volume":"33","author":"Ross","year":"1992","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"R44-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(90)90014-J","article-title":"Schneiderian symptoms in multiple personality disorder and schizophrenia.","volume":"31","author":"Ross","year":"1990","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"R45-4-20210208","first-page":"186","article-title":"Differences between men and women with multiple personality disorder.","volume":"40","author":"Ross","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hosp Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"R46-4-20210208","article-title":"General Psychopathology.","author":"Schneider","year":"1959"},{"key":"R47-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1080\/10398560601083084","article-title":"Hallucinations in adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder and psychotic disorder.","volume":"15","author":"Scott","year":"2007","journal-title":"Australas Psychiatry"},{"key":"R48-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1982.51.3f.1187","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of the multiple personality.","volume":"51","author":"Solomon","year":"1982","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"R49-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2006.03.004","article-title":"Childhood trauma and hallucinations: An analysis of the National Comorbidity Survey.","volume":"41","author":"Shevlin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"R50-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1300\/J229v07n03_02","article-title":"Rates of childhood trauma in a sample of patients with schizophrenia as compared with a sample of patients with non-psychotic psychiatric diagnoses.","volume":"7","author":"Spence","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Trauma Dissociation"},{"key":"R51-4-20210208","first-page":"155","article-title":"Dissociation and Dissociative Disorders: DSM IV and Beyond","author":"Steele","year":"2009"},{"key":"R52-4-20210208","first-page":"3","article-title":"Dissociative identity disorder: A clinical investigation of 20 cases in Turkey.","volume":"8","author":"Tutkun","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dissociation"},{"key":"R53-4-20210208","article-title":"The haunted self: Structural dissociation and the treatment of chronic traumatization.","author":"Van der Hart","year":"2006"},{"key":"R54-4-20210208","article-title":"Traumatic Dissociation: Neurobiology and Treatment.","author":"Vermetten","year":"2007"},{"key":"R55-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.1.3.300","article-title":"Types of dissociation and dissociative types.","volume":"1","author":"Waller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"R56-4-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(18)30776-7","article-title":"Multiple personality and child abuse: An overview.","volume":"7","author":"Wilbur","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00005053-200912000-00004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T04:50:45Z","timestamp":1710737445000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00005053-200912000-00004"}},"subtitle":["Similarities and Differences"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/nmd.0b013e3181c299ea","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3018"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3018","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}}}