{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T18:10:49Z","timestamp":1792606249624,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OVS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate associations between the diurnal variation in a range of corneal parameters, including anterior and posterior corneal topography, and regional corneal thickness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen subjects had their corneas measured using a rotating Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam) every 3 to 7 h over a 24\u2010h period. Anterior and posterior corneal axial curvature, pachymetry and anterior chamber depth were analyzed. The best fitting corneal sphero\u2010cylinder from the axial curvature, and the average corneal thickness for a series of different corneal regions were calculated. Measures of intraocular pressure and axial length were also taken at each measurement session.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant diurnal variation was found to occur in both the anterior and posterior corneal curvature and in the regional corneal thickness. Flattening of the anterior corneal best sphere was observed at the early morning measurement upon waking (p &lt; 0.0001). The posterior cornea also underwent a significant steepening (p &lt; 0.0001) and change in astigmatism 90\/180\u00b0 at this time. A significant swelling of the cornea (p &lt; 0.0001) was also evident upon waking. Highly significant associations were found between the diurnal variation in corneal thickness and the changes in corneal curvature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Small but significant diurnal variation occurs in the regional thickness and the shape of the anterior and posterior cornea. The largest changes in the cornea are typically evident upon waking. The regional corneal swelling observed at this time was not uniform, being slightly greater in peripheral corneal regions. The pattern of corneal swelling evident on waking resulted in a steepening of the posterior, and a flattening of the anterior corneal surface.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/opx.0b013e3181981b7e","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,21]],"date-time":"2009-05-21T16:13:35Z","timestamp":1242922415000},"page":"170-180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":148,"title":["Diurnal Variation of Corneal Shape and Thickness"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Read","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory School of Optometry Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory School of Optometry Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.1996.95000178.x","article-title":"An evaluation of the keratoconic cornea using computerised corneal mapping and ultrasonic measurements of corneal thickness","volume":"16","author":"Owens H","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199612000-00001","article-title":"Keratoconus detection based on videokeratoscopic height data","volume":"73","author":"Schwiegerling J","year":"1996","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199711000-00007","article-title":"Evaluation of central and peripheral corneal thickness with ultrasound biomicroscopy in normal and keratoconic eyes","volume":"16","author":"Avitabile T","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2336","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01276-9","article-title":"Corneal thickness indices discriminate between keratoconus and contact lens\u2010induced corneal thinning","volume":"109","author":"Pflugfelder SC","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01030-8","article-title":"Standardized color\u2010coded scales for anterior and posterior elevation maps of scanning slit corneal topography","volume":"109","author":"Tanabe T","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.06.025","article-title":"Corneal\u2010thickness spatial profile and corneal\u2010volume distribution: tomographic indices to detect keratoconus","volume":"32","author":"Ambrosio R","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-006-0349-6","article-title":"Automated keratoconus detection using height data of anterior and posterior corneal surfaces","volume":"50","author":"Bessho K","year":"2006","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.079988","article-title":"Pellucid marginal corneal degeneration: evaluation of the corneal surface and contact lens fitting","volume":"90","author":"Gruenauer\u2010Kloevekorn C","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.02.032","article-title":"Ectatic disorders associated with a claw\u2010shaped pattern on corneal topography","volume":"144","author":"Lee BW","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199807000-00007","article-title":"Videokeratographic abnormalities in a family with posterior polymorphous dystrophy","volume":"17","author":"John GR","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.124.6.777","article-title":"Clinical study of Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy leading to penetrating keratoplasty: a 30\u2010year experience","volume":"124","author":"Afshari NA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1159\/000094619","article-title":"Corneal curvature after penetrating keratoplasty before and after suture removal: a comparison between keratoconus and Fuchs\u2019 dystrophy","volume":"220","author":"Seitz B","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3180415479","article-title":"Influence of final corneal thickness in visual acuity after deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty","volume":"26","author":"Marcon AS","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3180553bb2","article-title":"Corneal topography\u2010guided penetrating keratoplasty and suture adjustment: new approach for astigmatism control","volume":"26","author":"Vinciguerra P","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2007.09.030","article-title":"Corneal profile analysis after Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty and its relationship to postoperative hyperopic shift","volume":"34","author":"Holz HA","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.08.019","article-title":"Corneal imaging with anterior segment optical coherence tomography for lamellar keratoplasty procedures","volume":"145","author":"Lim LS","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199701000-00015","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of a topographically based contact lens fitting software","volume":"74","author":"Szczotka LB","year":"1997","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","first-page":"180","article-title":"Peripheral corneal contour measured by topography influences soft toric contact lens fitting success","volume":"26","author":"Reddy T","year":"2000","journal-title":"CLAO J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200204000-00003","article-title":"Quantitative descriptors of corneal topography that influence soft toric contact lens fitting","volume":"21","author":"Szczotka LB","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2007.06.003","article-title":"The application of a computerised videokeratography (CVK) based contact lens fitting software programme on irregularly shaped corneal surfaces","volume":"30","author":"Nosch DS","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","first-page":"218","article-title":"Corneal swelling response to contact lenses worn under extended wear conditions","volume":"24","author":"Holden BA","year":"1983","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00027-5","article-title":"The effects of long\u2010term contact lens wear on corneal thickness, curvature, and surface regularity","volume":"107","author":"Liu Z","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/00140068-200301000-00007","article-title":"Changes of corneal thickness in patients wearing frequent\u2010replacement contact lenses","volume":"29","author":"Kaluzny JJ","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S1367-0484(03)00026-2","article-title":"Hydrogel contact lens\u2010induced corneal warpage","volume":"26","author":"Schornack M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-0343","article-title":"Topographical thickness of the epithelium and total cornea after hydrogel and PMMA contact lens wear with eye closure","volume":"44","author":"Wang J","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-1372","article-title":"Measurement of corneal swelling variations without removal of the contact lens during extended wear","volume":"48","author":"Martin R","year":"2007","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00502-9","article-title":"Factors affecting the forward shift of posterior corneal surface after laser in situ keratomileusis","volume":"108","author":"Baek T","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00581-9","article-title":"Posterior corneal curvature changes after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis","volume":"108","author":"Seitz B","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01121-1","article-title":"Role of Orbscan II in screening keratoconus suspects before refractive corneal surgery","volume":"109","author":"Rao SN","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-20030101-05","article-title":"Corneal topographic and pachymetric screening of keratorefractive patients","volume":"19","author":"Ambrosio R","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S59","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000136673.35530.e3","article-title":"Structural analysis of the cornea using scanning\u2010slit corneal topography in eyes undergoing excimer laser refractive surgery","volume":"23","author":"Kamiya K","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000121699.74077.f0","article-title":"Topographic patterns in refractive surgery candidates","volume":"23","author":"Varssano D","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.03.037","article-title":"Changes in the posterior cornea after laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy","volume":"32","author":"Ciolino JB","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00224-4","article-title":"Topography\u2010driven photorefractive keratectomy: results of corneal interactive programmed topographic ablation software","volume":"107","author":"Alessio G","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00094-4","article-title":"Topographically\u2010guided laser in situ keratomileusis to treat corneal irregularities","volume":"107","author":"Knorz MC","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2003.07.004","article-title":"Wavefront\u2010 and topography\u2010guided ablation in myopic eyes using Zyoptix","volume":"30","author":"Kanjani N","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2003.11.077","article-title":"Topographically supported customized ablation for the management of decentered laser in situ keratomileusis","volume":"137","author":"Kymionis GD","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_2","first-page":"211","article-title":"Overnight swelling of the living human cornea","volume":"51","author":"Mertz GW","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Am Optom Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-198212000-00007","article-title":"Diurnal variations of corneal topography and thickness","volume":"59","author":"Kiely PM","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Optom Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.80.12.1068","article-title":"Diurnal variations in human corneal thickness","volume":"80","author":"Harper CL","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200107000-00008","article-title":"Diurnal variation of corneal and corneal epithelial thickness measured using optical coherence tomography","volume":"20","author":"Feng Y","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200304000-00004","article-title":"Diurnal variation of corneal sensitivity and thickness","volume":"22","author":"Toit R","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-197011000-00007","article-title":"Diurnal variation in central corneal curvature","volume":"47","author":"Reynolds DR","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199706000-00026","article-title":"Short\u2010term keratometric variation in the human eye","volume":"74","author":"Cronje S","year":"1997","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-20020101-09","article-title":"Diurnal variation of human corneal curvature in young adults","volume":"18","author":"Handa T","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000154385.43732.6e","article-title":"The diurnal variation of corneal topography and aberrations","volume":"24","author":"Read SA","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2005.09.021","article-title":"The shape of the anterior and posterior surface of the aging human cornea","volume":"46","author":"Dubbelman M","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.23.000544","article-title":"Spherical aberration of the anterior and posterior surfaces of the human cornea","volume":"23","author":"Sicam VA","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Opt Soc Am (A)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.12.030","article-title":"Keratoconus: it is hard to define, but","volume":"143","author":"Belin MW","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3118","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0018","article-title":"Comparison of dynamic contour tonometry with goldmann applanation tonometry","volume":"45","author":"Kaufmann C","year":"2004","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ijg.0000176936.16015.4e","article-title":"Dynamic contour tonometry: presentation of a new tonometer","volume":"14","author":"Kanngiesser HE","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.075580","article-title":"The relative effects of corneal thickness and age on Goldmann applanation tonometry and dynamic contour tonometry","volume":"89","author":"Kotecha A","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ijg.0000196655.85460.d6","article-title":"Intraocular pressure measurement\u2010comparison of dynamic contour tonometry and goldmann applanation tonometry","volume":"15","author":"Schneider E","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_2","first-page":"1346","article-title":"Effect of body position on intraocular pressure and aqueous flow","volume":"28","author":"Carlson KH","year":"1987","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_2","first-page":"1492","article-title":"Altering body position affects intraocular pressure and visual function","volume":"29","author":"Linder BJ","year":"1988","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000180817.46312.0a","article-title":"Repeatability and reproducibility of central corneal thickness measurement with Pentacam, Orbscan, and ultrasound","volume":"82","author":"Lackner B","year":"2005","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000157422.01146.e9","article-title":"Agreement and repeatability of central thickness measurement in normal corneas using ultrasound pachymetry and the OCULUS Pentacam","volume":"24","author":"O'Donnell C","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.03.058","article-title":"Central corneal thickness measurement with the Pentacam Scheimpflug system, optical low\u2010coherence reflectometry pachymeter, and ultrasound pachymetry","volume":"31","author":"Barkana Y","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2007.09.013","article-title":"Anterior segment biometry with the Pentacam: comprehensive assessment of repeatability of automated measurements","volume":"34","author":"Shankar H","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.11.008","article-title":"Intrasession and intersession repeatability of the Pentacam system on posterior corneal assessment in the normal human eye","volume":"33","author":"Chen D","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000177804.53192.15","article-title":"Validity and reliability of anterior chamber depth measurement with pentacam and orbscan","volume":"82","author":"Lackner B","year":"2005","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-005-0103-7","article-title":"Evaluation of biometric methods for measuring the anterior chamber depth in the non\u2010contact mode","volume":"244","author":"Meinhardt B","year":"2006","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.12.103","article-title":"Anterior chamber measurements using Pentacam rotating Scheimpflug camera","volume":"32","author":"Rabsilber TM","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_2","first-page":"616","article-title":"Optical measurement of the axial eye length by laser Doppler interferometry","volume":"32","author":"Hitzenberger CK","year":"1991","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.2001.00611.x","article-title":"The repeatability and accuracy of axial length and anterior chamber depth measurements from the IOLMaster","volume":"21","author":"Lam AK","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.4.458","article-title":"A new non\u2010contact optical device for ocular biometry","volume":"86","author":"Santodomingo\u2010Rubido J","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200401000-00007","article-title":"Ocular component measurement using the Zeiss IOLMaster","volume":"81","author":"Sheng H","year":"2004","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1992.tb04879.x","article-title":"Short\u2010term effects of proparacaine on human corneal thickness","volume":"70","author":"Herse P","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200308000-00008","article-title":"Corneal thickness values before and after oxybuprocaine 0.4% eye drops","volume":"22","author":"Asensio I","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000179929.97651.59","article-title":"Comparison of corneal thickness after the instillation of topical anesthetics: proparacaine versus oxybuprocaine","volume":"25","author":"Nam SM","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2005.00321.x","article-title":"Should Orbscan pachometry be performed before or after Goldmann applanation tonometry?","volume":"25","author":"Huang RY","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000240082.08416.22","article-title":"Effect of proparacaine on central corneal thickness values: an evaluation using noncontact specular microscopy and pentacam","volume":"26","author":"Lam AK","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)73521-4","article-title":"Determination of corneal image\u2010forming properties from corneal topography","volume":"115","author":"Maloney RK","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199706000-00019","article-title":"Power vectors: an application of Fourier analysis to the description and statistical analysis of refractive error","volume":"74","author":"Thibos LN","year":"1997","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6977.446","article-title":"Calculating correlation coefficients with repeated observations: Part 1\u2013correlation within subjects","volume":"310","author":"Bland JM","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2911","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-1833","article-title":"Diurnal variation of axial length, intraocular pressure, and anterior eye biometrics","volume":"49","author":"Read SA","year":"2008","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(00)00413-2","article-title":"Changes in posterior corneal curvature after photorefractive keratectomy","volume":"26","author":"Naroo SA","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_79_2","first-page":"735","article-title":"Uneven swelling of the corneal stroma","volume":"9","author":"Kikkawa Y","year":"1970","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(72)86110-1","article-title":"A quantitative description of equilibrium and homeostatic thickness regulation in the in vivo cornea. I Normal cornea","volume":"12","author":"Friedman MH","year":"1972","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688109019986","article-title":"Non\u2010uniform swelling properties of the corneal stroma","volume":"1","author":"Lee D","year":"1981","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.4.437","article-title":"The specific architecture of the anterior stroma accounts for maintenance of corneal curvature","volume":"85","author":"Muller LJ","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ICL.0000165280.94927.0D","article-title":"Assessment of the number of lamellae in the central region of the normal human corneal stroma at the resolution of the transmission electron microscope","volume":"31","author":"Bergmanson JP","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_84_2","first-page":"963","article-title":"Water gradients across bovine cornea","volume":"29","author":"Castoro JA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00519-9","article-title":"Orbscan pachymetry: implications of a repeated measures and diurnal variation analysis","volume":"106","author":"Lattimore MR","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0131","article-title":"Collagen fibrils appear more closely packed in the prepupillary cornea: optical and biomechanical implications","volume":"44","author":"Boote C","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-198502000-00002","article-title":"Central and peripheral corneal swelling accompanying soft lens extended wear","volume":"62","author":"Bonanno JA","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Optom Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2330-9512.1986.tb01150.x","article-title":"Effect of soft lens power on peripheral corneal edema","volume":"63","author":"Bonanno JA","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Optom Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-8967(95)00061-X","article-title":"An improved technique for patched eye corneal swelling studies","volume":"22","author":"Erickson P","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int Contact Lens Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199603000-00008","article-title":"Effects of hydrogel lens transmissibility profiles on local corneal swelling during eye closure","volume":"73","author":"Erickson P","year":"1996","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.1999.00470.x","article-title":"The cornea swells in the posterior direction under hydrogel contact lenses","volume":"19","author":"Erickson P","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200403000-00011","article-title":"Contact lens\u2010induced corneal swelling and surface changes measured with the Orbscan II corneal topographer","volume":"81","author":"Moezzi AM","year":"2004","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1985.tb01581.x","article-title":"Topographical corneal oedema","volume":"63","author":"Holden BA","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_94_2","first-page":"191","article-title":"Relationship between corneal edema and topography","volume":"21","author":"Rom ME","year":"1995","journal-title":"CLAO J"}],"container-title":["Optometry and Vision Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181981b7e","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181981b7e","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181981b7e","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T05:55:29Z","timestamp":1774936529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181981b7e"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181981b7e"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/opx.0b013e3181981b7e","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-5488","1538-9235"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-5488","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-9235","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}}}