{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T23:52:08Z","timestamp":1775001128777,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,1]],"date-time":"2010-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1280620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,1]],"date-time":"2010-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1280620800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001793","name":"Queensland University of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001793","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OVS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose was to compare subjective blur limits for cylinder and defocus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blur was induced with a deformable, adaptive\u2010optics mirror when either the subjects' own astigmatisms were corrected or when both astigmatisms and higher\u2010order aberrations were corrected. Subjects were cyclopleged and had 5\u2010mm artificial pupils. Black letter targets (0.1, 0.35, and 0.6 logMAR) were presented on white backgrounds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For 10 subjects, blur limits were \u223c50% greater for cylinder than for defocus (in diopters). Although there were considerable effects of axis for individuals, overall, this was not strong, with the 0\u00b0 (or 180\u00b0) axis having \u223c20% greater limits than oblique axes. In a second experiment with text (equivalent in angle to N10 print at 40 cm distance), cylinder blur limits for six subjects were \u223c30% greater than those for defocus; this percentage was slightly smaller than for the three letters. Blur limits of the text were intermediate between those of 0.35\u2010 and 0.6\u2010logMAR letters. Extensive blur limit measurements for one subject with single letters did not show expected interactions between target detail orientation and cylinder axis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subjective blur limits for cylinder are 30 to 50% greater than those for defocus, with the overall influence of cylinder axis being 20%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/opx.0b013e3181e61b8f","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,18]],"date-time":"2010-06-18T08:17:45Z","timestamp":1276849065000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Subjective Blur Limits for Cylinder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Huanqing","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry and Institute of Health &amp; Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology Kelvin Grove Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Atchison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry and Institute of Health &amp; Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology Kelvin Grove Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199707000-00019","article-title":"Subjective depth\u2010of\u2010focus of the eye","volume":"74","author":"Atchison DA","year":"1997","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2005.01.022","article-title":"Noticeable, troublesome and objectionable limits of blur","volume":"45","author":"Atchison DA","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2009.07.009","article-title":"Blur limits for defocus, astigmatism and trefoil","volume":"49","author":"Atchison DA","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2009.00637.x","article-title":"Limits of spherical blur determined with an adaptive optics mirror","volume":"29","author":"Atchison DA","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199504000-00008","article-title":"Spherocylindrical refractive errors and visual acuity","volume":"72","author":"Raasch TW","year":"1995","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","volume-title":"Ophthalmic Optics and Instruments\u2014Reporting Aberrations of the Human Eye: ISO 24157:2008","author":"International Organization for Standardization","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000216099.29968.36","article-title":"Visual acuity in simple myopic astigmatism: influence of cylinder axis","volume":"83","author":"Rem\u00f3n L","year":"2006","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1951.01700010719013","article-title":"Measurement of visual acuity; a critical review","volume":"45","author":"Sloan LL","year":"1951","journal-title":"AMA Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199707000-00020","article-title":"Effect of small focal errors on vision","volume":"74","author":"Miller AD","year":"1997","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-196104000-00002","article-title":"The relationship between refractive error and visual acuity at three age levels","volume":"38","author":"Peters HB","year":"1961","journal-title":"Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom"}],"container-title":["Optometry and Vision Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181e61b8f","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181e61b8f","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181e61b8f","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T06:19:19Z","timestamp":1774937959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181e61b8f"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,8]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181e61b8f"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/opx.0b013e3181e61b8f","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-5488","1538-9235"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-5488","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-9235","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,8]]}}}