{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T10:00:29Z","timestamp":1778839229052,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OVS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Syphilis is a condition caused by the spirochete\n                      <jats:italic>Treponema pallidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>pallidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). Because of its ubiquitous nature, it has been coined as \u201cthe great masquerader.\u201d Syphilis can present with a wide array of clinical symptoms and manifestations, making it difficult to diagnose. The spectrum of visual system manifestations is broad and involves the anterior and posterior segments. We report a rare case of ocular perineuritis in an HIV\u2010positive patient with neurosyphilis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Report.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 33\u2010year\u2010old HIV\u2010positive white male presented with blurred vision and floaters of 2 weeks duration. He reported coinciding neurological symptoms including headaches, nausea, and extreme weight loss. He also manifested an erythematous rash on his scalp. Fundoscopy revealed bilateral disc edema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Syphilitic ocular perineuritis is a condition that manifests with swollen optic discs in the absence of raised intracranial pressure or visual disturbance. This condition is due to inflammation of the optic nerve sheath and is often mistaken for papilledema or papillitis. Optic perineuritis is an infrequently reported complication of syphilitic disease. Early diagnosis of neurosyphilis and its complications is critical, because it is easily treated with penicillin when initiated early on.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/opx.0b013e3181f361b0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,27]],"date-time":"2010-08-27T11:11:30Z","timestamp":1282907490000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Ocular Perineuritis Secondary to Neurosyphilis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Kelly","family":"Meehan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Midwestern University Arizona College of Optometry, Glendale Arizona Nova Southeastern University Davie Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Rodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Midwestern University Arizona College of Optometry, Glendale Arizona Nova Southeastern University Davie Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"467","volume-title":"Sex Transmission Disease","author":"Holmes KK","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-009-0019-1","article-title":"Update on neurosyphilis","volume":"11","author":"Marra CM","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1097\/00055735-200112000-00008","article-title":"Ocular syphilis","volume":"12","author":"Aldave AJ","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.61.10.1505","article-title":"Syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus: prevention and politics","volume":"61","author":"Marra CM","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e328010a9b5","article-title":"Update on ocular syphilis","volume":"17","author":"Gaudio PA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp048126","article-title":"Syphilis control\u2014a continuing challenge","volume":"351","author":"Hook EW","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"448","key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","first-page":"21","article-title":"Ocular syphilis in HIV\u2010positive patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"119","author":"Balba GP","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","first-page":"1437","volume-title":"Ocular Infection and Immunity","author":"Wilhelmus KR","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","first-page":"833","volume-title":"Pathology of Infectious Diseases","author":"Kolker S","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Case definitions for public health surveillance","volume":"39","author":"Wharton M","year":"1990","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-7-37","article-title":"Interpreting cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in HIV in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy","volume":"7","author":"Marra CM","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1086\/381227","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities in patients with syphilis: association with clinical and laboratory features","volume":"189","author":"Marra CM","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.20254","article-title":"Nontreponemal tests in the diagnosis of neurosyphilis: an evaluation of the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and the Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) tests","volume":"22","author":"Castro R","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000131902.69113.34","article-title":"Alternative cerebrospinal fluid tests to diagnose neurosyphilis in HIV\u2010infected individuals","volume":"63","author":"Marra CM","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","first-page":"625","article-title":"Symptomatic early neurosyphilis among HIV\u2010positive men who have sex with men\u2014four cities, United States, January 2002\u2013June 2004","volume":"56","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2007","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702504","article-title":"Syphilitic acute posterior placoid chorioretinitis in nonimmuno\u2010compromised patients","volume":"21","author":"Joseph A","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1086\/320766","article-title":"Syphilitic posterior uveitis: correlative findings and significance","volume":"32","author":"Ormerod LD","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-4182(03)80053-4","article-title":"Fluorescein and indocyanine green angiographic features in acute syphilitic macular placoid chorioretinitis","volume":"38","author":"Baglivo E","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/08820530500232092","article-title":"Ocular manifestations and treatment of syphilis","volume":"20","author":"Kiss S","year":"2005","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1997.01100150471003","article-title":"Syphilitic uveitis in human immunodeficiency virus\u2010infected patients","volume":"115","author":"Shalaby IA","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-005-1137-6","article-title":"Syphilitic uveitis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"243","author":"Tran TH","year":"2005","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1080\/09273940490912353","article-title":"Simultaneous bilateral exudative retinal detachment and peripheral necrotizing retinitis as presenting manifestations of concurrent HIV and syphilis infection","volume":"13","author":"Diaz\u2010Valle D","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-200112000-00022","article-title":"Retinitis syphilitica in an HIV\u2010positive patient following acute retinal necrosis syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Freigassner PS","year":"2001","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","first-page":"6","article-title":"Optic perineuritis with secondary syphilis","volume":"7","author":"Toshniwal P","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1097\/00041327-200303000-00006","article-title":"Simultaneous occurrence of neuroretinitis and optic perineuritis in a single eye","volume":"23","author":"Wals KT","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/000155500750012720","article-title":"Asymptomatic bilateral optic perineuritis in secondary syphilis","volume":"80","author":"Gartaganis S","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1086\/591534","article-title":"Normalization of serum rapid plasma reagin titer predicts normalization of cerebrospinal fluid and clinical abnormalities after treatment of neurosyphilis","volume":"47","author":"Marra CM","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Optometry and Vision Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181f361b0","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181f361b0","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181f361b0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T06:20:06Z","timestamp":1774938006000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181f361b0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181f361b0"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/opx.0b013e3181f361b0","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-5488","1538-9235"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-5488","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-9235","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}}}