{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:56:39Z","timestamp":1787752599391,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OVS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the relative clinical success of orthokeratology contact lenses (OK) and distance single\u2010vision spectacles (SV) in children in terms of incidences of adverse events and discontinuations over a 2\u2010year period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty\u2010one subjects 6 to 12 years of age with myopia of \u2212 0.75 to \u2212 4.00DS and astigmatism \u22641.00DC were prospectively allocated OK or SV correction. Subjects were followed at 6\u2010month intervals and advised to report to the clinic immediately should adverse events occur. Adverse events were categorized into serious, significant, and non\u2010significant. Discontinuation was defined as cessation of lens wear for the remainder of the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010one children were corrected with OK and 30 with SV. A higher incidence of adverse events was found with OK compared with SV (p &lt; 0.001). Nine OK subjects experienced 16 adverse events (7 significant and 9 non\u2010significant). No adverse events were found in the SV group. Most adverse events were found between 6 and 12 months of lens wear, with 11 solely attributable to OK wear. Significantly more discontinuations were found with SV in comparison with OK (p &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relatively low incidence of adverse events and discontinuations with OK is conducive for the correction of myopia in children with OK contact lenses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/opx.0b013e318263c5af","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,6]],"date-time":"2012-07-06T05:15:58Z","timestamp":1341551758000},"page":"1133-1139","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Orthokeratology vs. Spectacles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Jacinto","family":"Santodomingo\u2010Rubido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Menicon Co., Ltd. (Madrid Office) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9sar","family":"Villa\u2010Collar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Oftalmol\u00f3gica Novovision Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Universidad Europea de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Gilmartin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University Aston Triangle Birmingham United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez\u2010Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Oftalmol\u00f3gica Novovision Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2006.00044.x","article-title":"Orthokeratology review and update","volume":"89","author":"Swarbrick HA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"1134","article-title":"Research in orthokeratology. Part VI: statistical and clinical analyses","volume":"48","author":"Kerns RL","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Am Optom Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"345","article-title":"Research in orthokeratology. Part V: Results and observations\u2013recovery aspects","volume":"48","author":"Kerns RL","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Am Optom Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(80)35171-3","article-title":"An evaluation of orthokeratology","volume":"87","author":"Binder PS","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"321","article-title":"The Berkeley Orthokeratology Study, part III: safety","volume":"60","author":"Polse KA","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Optom Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"187","article-title":"The Berkeley Orthokeratology Study, part II: efficacy and duration","volume":"60","author":"Polse KA","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Optom Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-8967(97)00055-2","article-title":"An analysis of the changes in corneal shape and refractive error induced by accelerated orthokeratology","volume":"24","author":"Mountford J","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int Contact Lens Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-9235.2000.tb01088.x","article-title":"Overnight orthokeratology","volume":"77","author":"Nichols JJ","year":"2000","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200209000-00011","article-title":"Overnight orthokeratology: preliminary results of the Lenses and Overnight Orthokeratology (LOOK) study","volume":"79","author":"Rah MJ","year":"2002","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Orthokeratology and adolescent myopia control","volume":"18","author":"Reim TR","year":"2003","journal-title":"Contact Lens Spectrum"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000144742.57847.b1","article-title":"Asymmetrical increase in axial length in the two eyes of a monocular orthokeratology patient","volume":"81","author":"Cheung SW","year":"2004","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680590907256","article-title":"The longitudinal orthokeratology research in children (LORIC) in Hong Kong: a pilot study on refractive changes and myopic control","volume":"30","author":"Cho P","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.151365","article-title":"Corneal reshaping and myopia progression","volume":"93","author":"Walline JJ","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5485","article-title":"Influence of overnight orthokeratology on axial elongation in childhood myopia","volume":"52","author":"Kakita T","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santodomingo\u2010RubidoJ Villa\u2010CollarC GilmartinB Guti\u00e9rrez\u2010Ort\u00e9gaR. Myopia control with orthokeratology contact lenses in Spain (MCOS): refractive and biometric changes.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci2012:(e\u2010pub June 22 2012).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2012.08.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e31820efa0f","article-title":"Survey of contact lens prescribing to infants, children, and teenagers","volume":"88","author":"Efron N","year":"2011","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e318157cd8d","article-title":"Trends in microbial keratitis associated with orthokeratology","volume":"33","author":"Watt KG","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.10.010","article-title":"Orthokeratology lens\u2014related ulcers in children","volume":"112","author":"DeWoolfson BH","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000135093.77007.18","article-title":"The Children's Overnight Orthokeratology Investigation (COOKI) pilot study","volume":"81","author":"Walline JJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optm.2006.12.013","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of overnight orthokeratology in myopic children","volume":"78","author":"Mika R","year":"2007","journal-title":"Optometry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2008.00259.x","article-title":"Orthokeratology practice in children in a university clinic in Hong Kong","volume":"91","author":"Chan B","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.06.034","article-title":"Safety of overnight orthokeratology for myopia: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology","volume":"115","author":"Van Meter WS","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000168588.63897.0f","article-title":"Adverse events and discontinuations with rigid and soft hyper Dk contact lenses used for continuous wear","volume":"82","author":"Morgan PB","year":"2005","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e318030c9b1","article-title":"Adverse events and discontinuations during 18 months of silicone hydrogel contact lens wear","volume":"33","author":"Santodomingo\u2010Rubido J","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3921\/joptom.2009.215","article-title":"Myopia control with orthokeratology contact lenses in Spain (MCOS): study design and general baseline characteristics","volume":"2","author":"Santodomingo\u2010Rubido J","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Optom"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199303000-00011","article-title":"CCLRU standards for success of daily and extended wear contact lenses","volume":"70","author":"Terry RL","year":"1993","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"412","article-title":"Repeatability and intercorrelations of standard vision tests as a function of age","volume":"77","author":"Lovie\u2010Kitchin JE","year":"2000","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-8967(91)90004-J","article-title":"Interference filters to eliminate the surface reflex and improve contrasts during fluorescein photography","volume":"18","author":"Cox I","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int Contact Lens Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00795-4","article-title":"Comparison of adverse events with daily disposable hydrogels and spectacle wear: results from a 12\u2010month prospective clinical trial","volume":"110","author":"Sankaridurg PR","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199811000-00019","article-title":"Corneal response to orthokeratology","volume":"75","author":"Swarbrick HA","year":"1998","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31820009bc","article-title":"Short\u2010term effects of overnight orthokeratology on corneal cell morphology and corneal thickness","volume":"30","author":"Nieto\u2010Bona A","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20090401-12","article-title":"Fluorophotometry to evaluate the corneal epithelium in eyes undergoing contact lens corneal reshaping to correct myopia","volume":"25","author":"Savitsky DZ","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ICL.0000140236.23820.97","article-title":"Overnight corneal reshaping versus soft daily wear: a visual quality of life study (interim results)","volume":"30","author":"Lipson MJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e31811eba10","article-title":"Long\u2010term clinical outcomes for overnight corneal reshaping in children and adults","volume":"34","author":"Lipson MJ","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/01.icl.0000179709.76832.4f","article-title":"The current state of corneal reshaping","volume":"31","author":"Walline JJ","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2007.07.003","article-title":"Good clinical practice in orthokeratology","volume":"31","author":"Cho P","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"}],"container-title":["Optometry and Vision Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318263c5af","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318263c5af","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318263c5af","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T09:55:43Z","timestamp":1774950943000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318263c5af"}},"subtitle":["Adverse Events and Discontinuations"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318263c5af"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/opx.0b013e318263c5af","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-5488","1538-9235"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-5488","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-9235","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}}}