{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T16:17:57Z","timestamp":1785255477093,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]],"date-time":"2012-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]],"date-time":"2012-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OVS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of monofocal, bifocal, or multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) is a common option to restore the refractive power of the eye in aphakic patients after cataract surgery. In this article, we study the predicted performance of two new designs of IOL, both with extended depth of focus: the quartic axicon and the light sword optical element (LSOE). These elements provide continuous focal segments spanning the range of dioptric power required for presbyopia compensation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The performance analysis is based on the visual Strehl ratio (SR) computed in the spatial frequency domain, a neuro\u2010optical quality metric that takes into account the effects of both the optical transfer function and the neural contrast sensitivity function. Furthermore, the classical SR and compound modulation transfer function were calculated. Some conventional transmittances of commercially available IOLs are also analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The LSOE design has a more homogeneous behavior than other available solutions, providing a more uniform image quality over a significant fraction of the required addition range.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The angular average of the visual SR computed in the spatial frequency domain and compound modulation transfer function indicate that both designs of extended depth of focus elements provide better optical quality on the whole addition range, except at the end points, than the discrete focus designs. The LSOE performed better than the quartic axicon in terms of uniformity of image quality within the same range.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/opx.0b013e3182775e1a","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,22]],"date-time":"2012-11-22T02:41:33Z","timestamp":1353552093000},"page":"1702-1707","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Visual Strehl Performance of IOL Designs with Extended Depth of Focus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Augusto Arias","family":"Gallego","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research, Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Metropolitano Medell\u00edn Colombia"},{"name":"School of Physics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Bar\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c1rea de \u00d3ptica, E.U. \u00d3ptica e Optometria Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Galicia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Jaroszewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Optics Warsaw Poland"},{"name":"National Institute of Telecommunications Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Kolodziejczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physics Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000192347.57764.4c","article-title":"Presbyopia compensation with a quartic axicon","volume":"82","author":"Ares Garc\u00eda J","year":"2005","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9184","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.15.009184","article-title":"Imaging with extended focal depth by means of lenses with radial and angular modulation","volume":"15","author":"Mikula G","year":"2007","journal-title":"Opt Express"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58001","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1905481","article-title":"Diffractive elements for imaging with extended depth of focus","volume":"44","author":"Mikula G","year":"2005","journal-title":"Opt Engin"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17842","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.15.017842","article-title":"Three dimensional analysis of chromatic aberration in diffractive elements with extended depth of focus","volume":"15","author":"Mas D","year":"2007","journal-title":"Opt Express"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18371","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.16.018371","article-title":"Imaging with extended focal depth by means of the refractive light sword optical element","volume":"16","author":"Ares Garc\u00eda J","year":"2008","journal-title":"Opt Express"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"Presbyopia compensation with a light sword optical element of a variable diameter","volume":"1","author":"Petelczyc K","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phot Lett Pol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Fourier Optics","author":"Goodman JW","year":"1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1167\/4.4.9","article-title":"Accuracy and precision of objective refraction from wavefront aberrations","volume":"4","author":"Thibos LN","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1167\/4.4.8","article-title":"Metrics of optical quality derived from wave aberrations predict visual performance","volume":"4","author":"Marsack JD","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000195563.82891.3b","article-title":"Computational aspects of the visual Strehl ratio","volume":"83","author":"Iskander DR","year":"2006","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4184","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.45.004184","article-title":"Optical surface optimization for the correction of presbyopia","volume":"45","author":"Dai GM","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"1132","article-title":"Factors affecting light\u2010adapted pupil size in normal human subjects","volume":"35","author":"Winn B","year":"1994","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"Abbott Medical Optics Inc. 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