{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:48:03Z","timestamp":1791460083058,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/pap.0b013e3182534868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,12]],"date-time":"2012-04-12T12:58:04Z","timestamp":1334235484000},"page":"181-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Hashimoto Thyroiditis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Rania","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safa","family":"Al-Shaikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.49.399","article-title":"The heritage of Dr. Hakaru Hashimoto (1881-1934).","volume":"49","author":"Sawin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"R2-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1995.tb01894.x","article-title":"The incidence of thyroid disorders in a community: twenty year follow up of Wickham Survey.","volume":"43","author":"Vanderpump","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"R3-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-10-1172","article-title":"Clustering of additional autoimmunity behaves differently in Hashimotos patients compared with Graves patients.","volume":"164","author":"Wiebolt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"R4-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00343.x","article-title":"The prevalence of hyperprolactinaemia and association with markers of autoimmune thyroid disease in survivors of the Whickham Survey cohort.","volume":"48","author":"Vanderpump","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"R5-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(05)70240-1","article-title":"The epidemiology of thyroid disease and implications for screening.","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"R6-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1740-2557-2-1","article-title":"Immunogenetics of Hashimotos thyroiditis.","volume":"2","author":"Chistiakov","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Autoimmune Dis"},{"key":"R7-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.02.007","article-title":"The etiology of autoimmune thyroid disease; a story of genes and environment.","volume":"32","author":"Tomer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"R9-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14034","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806584105","article-title":"Molecular amino acid signatures in the MHC class II peptide bonding pocket predisposes to auto immune thyroiditis in human and in mice.","volume":"105","author":"Menconi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"R10-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1998.tb02993.x","article-title":"CTLA-4 promotor variants in patients with Graves disease and Hashimotos thyroiditis.","volume":"51","author":"Braun","year":"1998","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"R11-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01621","article-title":"Association of T cell regulatory gene CTLA-4 with susceptibility to autoimmune disease.","volume":"423","author":"Ueda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R12-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502753451896","article-title":"Polymorphism of the CTLA-4 gene is associated with autoimmune hypothyroidism in the United Kingdom.","volume":"12","author":"Nithyanathan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"R13-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1086\/429096","article-title":"Analysis of families in the multiple autoimmune disease genetics consortium (MADGC) collection: the PTMN22 620W allele associates with multiple autoimmune phenotypes.","volume":"76","author":"Criswell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"R14-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502760258613","article-title":"Further evidence for a strong genetic influence on the development of autoimmune thyroid disease: the California twin study.","volume":"12","author":"Ringold","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"R15-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502760043440","article-title":"Is birthweight associated with thyroid autoimmunity A study in twins.","volume":"12","author":"Phillips","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"R16-6-20210202","first-page":"536","article-title":"A population-based study of chronic autoimmune hypothyroidism in Danish twins.","volume":"85","author":"Brix","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R17-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939209004826","article-title":"Iodine content of rat thyroglobulin affects its autogenicity in inducing lympholytic thyroiditis in the BBWor rat.","volume":"13","author":"Ebner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"R18-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939808993833","article-title":"Iodine is essential for human T cell recognition of human thyroglobulin.","volume":"27","author":"Rasooly","year":"1998","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"R19-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4800(86)90040-7","article-title":"Direct toxic effect effect of iodide in excess on iodine-deficient thyroid gland: epithelial necrosis and inflammation associated with lipofuscin accumulation.","volume":"44","author":"Mahmoud","year":"1986","journal-title":"Exp Mol Pathol"},{"key":"R20-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-118-5-1977","article-title":"The effect of iodide ingestion on the development of spontaneous lympholytic thyroiditis in the diabetes prone BBW rat.","volume":"118","author":"Allen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"R22-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/110.3.327","article-title":"Characterization of the lymphoid infiltrate in Hashimoto thyroiditis by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction for immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement.","volume":"110","author":"Hsi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"R23-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00431078","article-title":"Immunohistological findings in Hashimotos thyroiditis, focal lymphocytic thyroiditis and thyroiditis de Quervain. Comparative study.","volume":"393","author":"Knecht","year":"1981","journal-title":"Virchows Arch A"},{"key":"R24-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(74)80063-8","article-title":"The fibrous variant of Hashimotos thyroiditis.","volume":"5","author":"Katz","year":"1974","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"R25-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1983.tb02286.x","article-title":"Fibrous thyroiditis: an immunopathological study.","volume":"7","author":"Harach","year":"1983","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"R26-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0b013e3181ee63ce","article-title":"IgG4-related sclerosing disease: a clinical appraisal of an evolving clinicopathologic entity.","volume":"17","author":"Cheuk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv Anat Pathol"},{"key":"R27-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181f7266b","article-title":"IgG4 related disease: a cross-sectional study of 104 cases.","volume":"34","author":"Zen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"R28-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3283412fd4","article-title":"What is IgG4 A review of the biology of a unique immunoglobulin subtype.","volume":"23","author":"Nirula","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"R29-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2009.02419.x","article-title":"Immunohistochemistry of IgG4 can help subclassify Hashimotos immune thyroiditis.","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"R30-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1794","article-title":"Distinct clinical, serological and sonographic characteristics of Hashimotos thyroiditis based with and without IgG4 positive plasma cells.","volume":"95","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R31-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20215","article-title":"Riedels thyroiditis and fultifocal fibrosclerosis are part of the IgG4-related systemic disease spectrum.","volume":"62","author":"Dahlgren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"R32-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)64789-2","article-title":"Thyroiditis: a clinical update.","volume":"60","author":"Hay","year":"1985","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"R33-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02967224","article-title":"Riedels thyroiditis: case report and literature review.","volume":"163","author":"Brady","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"R34-6-20210202","first-page":"S50","article-title":"Current concepts on Riedel thyroiditis.","volume":"121","author":"Papi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"R35-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1385\/EP:11:2:157","article-title":"Combined Riedels disease and fibrosing Hashimotos thyroiditis: a report of three cases with two showing coexisting papillary carcinoma.","volume":"11","author":"Baloch","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocr Pathol"},{"key":"R36-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e328341378c","article-title":"Hashimotos thyroiditis: old concepts and new insights.","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"R37-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1955.01270080137023","article-title":"Relation of thyroid neoplasms to Hashimoto disease of thyroid gland.","volume":"70","author":"Dailey","year":"1955","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"R38-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21518","article-title":"Elevated risk of papillary thyroid cancer in Korean patients with Hashimotos thyroiditis.","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"R39-6-20210202","first-page":"442","article-title":"The incidence of thyroid carcinoma in Hashimotos thyroiditis.","volume":"53","author":"Ott","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"R40-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19951201)76:11<2312::AID-CNCR2820761120>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Association of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and thyroid papillary carcinoma. A study of surgical cases among Japanese, white and African Americans.","volume":"76","author":"Okayasu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R41-6-20210202","first-page":"228","article-title":"Coexistent carcinoma of the thyroid gland and Hashimotos thyroiditis.","volume":"157","author":"Strauss","year":"1983","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"R44-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2003.10.027","article-title":"Immunohistochemical detection of p53 homlog p63 in solid cell nests, papillary carcinoma and Hashimotos thyroiditis: a stem cell hypothesis of papillary carcinoma oncogenesis.","volume":"35","author":"Burstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"R45-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(11)81129-5","article-title":"Papillary and mucoepiidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid with anaplastic transformation. A case report with histological and immunohistochemical findings that support a provocative histogenetic hypothesis.","volume":"191","author":"Cameselle-Teijeiro","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"R46-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2008.11.015","article-title":"BRAF mutation in solid cell nest hyperplasia associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma.","volume":"40","author":"Cameselle-Teijeiro","year":"2009","journal-title":"A precursor lesion Hum Pathol"},{"key":"R47-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197201)29:1<252::AID-CNCR2820290138>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Occurrence and prognosis of extranodal lymphomas.","volume":"29","author":"Freeman","year":"1972","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R48-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.1996.268311.x","article-title":"Primary non-Hodgkins lymphoma of the thyroid gland: a population based study.","volume":"28","author":"Pedersen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"R49-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(92)90293-C","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of small cell tumors of the thyroid gland: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study.","volume":"23","author":"Wolf","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"R50-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(88)80287-9","article-title":"Primary B cell lymphoma of the thyroid and its relationship to Hashimotos thyroiditis.","volume":"19","author":"Hyjek","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"R51-6-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.1996.d01-515.x","article-title":"T-cell lymphoma in Hashimotos thyroiditis.","volume":"29","author":"Abdul-Rahman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Histopathology"}],"container-title":["Advances in Anatomic Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00125480-201205000-00006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]],"date-time":"2021-04-10T07:00:18Z","timestamp":1618038018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00125480-201205000-00006"}},"subtitle":["A Century Later"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/pap.0b013e3182534868","relation":{},"ISSN":["1072-4109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1072-4109","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}}}