{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T10:13:24Z","timestamp":1792491204896,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) of the breast is defined as a \u201cdistinctive form of papillary carcinoma characterized by closely apposed expansive, cellular nodules.\u201d This uncommon tumor frequently demonstrates neuroendocrine differentiation. SPCs are staged as in situ tumors, except those that exhibit jagged borders within desmoplastic stroma, or if accompanied by conventional invasive carcinoma, which is separately graded and staged. In this study, we review the immunomorphologic characteristics of SPCs diagnosed at our institution, with a view toward elucidating points of distinction from other mammary carcinomas that manifest neuroendocrine differentiation. A total of 250 cases of in situ and invasive carcinomas with immunohistochemically documented neuroendocrine differentiation, spanning 12 years, were retrieved from the records of the Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital. Morphologic review identified 108 (43.2%) cases of SPC (in situ and\/or invasive) among this group of tumors. Tumors with SPC components were significantly associated with estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and chromogranin A expression, spindled tumor morphology, and older patient age (above median age). In addition, invasive carcinomas with SPC components were more likely to be of smaller size (\u226420 mm), low grade (grade 1), and to occur in older patients (above median age), compared with cases of invasive carcinoma lacking an SPC component. In situ SPCs were significantly associated with mucin production and demonstrated improved disease-free survival over cases of conventional ductal carcinoma in situ with neuroendocrine differentiation. Presence of an SPC pattern is associated with favorable clinicopathologic characteristics, with in situ SPCs demonstrating improved disease-free survival, emphasizing the importance of accurately diagnosing this uncommon tumor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/pas.0000000000000702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T16:07:29Z","timestamp":1468944449000},"page":"1334-1342","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Solid Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Benjamin Yongcheng","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aye Aye","family":"Thike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian O.","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puay Hoon","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-20230922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2007.02118.x","article-title":"Solid-papillary carcinoma of the breast: clinicopathological study of 20 cases","volume":"57","author":"Otsuki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"R3-20230922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2007.02849.x","article-title":"Loss of myoepithelium is variable in solid papillary carcinoma of the breast","volume":"51","author":"Nicolas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"R4-20230922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12463","article-title":"Papillary and neuroendocrine breast lesions: the WHO stance","volume":"66","author":"Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"R5-20230922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31821b3f65","article-title":"Encapsulated papillary carcinoma of the breast: an invasive tumor with excellent prognosis","volume":"35","author":"Rakha","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"R6-20230922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.2002.01336.x","article-title":"Neuroendocrine differentiation and prognosis in breast adenocarcinoma","volume":"40","author":"Miremadi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"R7-20230922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2003.11.008","article-title":"The prognostic influence of neuroendocrine differentiation in breast cancer: results of a long-term follow-up study","volume":"13","author":"Van Krimpen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Breast"},{"key":"R8-20230922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12306","article-title":"Neuroendocrine differentiation correlates with hormone receptor expression and decreased survival in patients with invasive breast carcinoma","volume":"64","author":"Kwon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"R9-20230922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3880387","article-title":"Expression of apocrine differentiation markers in neuroendocrine breast carcinomas of aged women","volume":"14","author":"Sapino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"R10-20230922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00229.x","article-title":"Pathological prognostic factors in breast cancer. 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