{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T16:44:02Z","timestamp":1794242642181,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mesenchymal tumors harboring various kinase fusions were recently recognized as emerging entities mainly in the soft tissues. We herein investigate the clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of head and neck mesenchymal tumors harboring kinase fusions. The study cohort included 15 patients with a median age of 13 years (ranging from congenital to 63\u00a0y). The kinase genes involved in descending order were <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">NTRK1<\/jats:italic> (n=6), <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">NTRK3<\/jats:italic> (n=5), <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">BRAF<\/jats:italic> (n=2), and 1 each with <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">MET<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">RET<\/jats:italic>. The anatomic locations were broad involving all tissue planes, including skin (n=4), intraosseous (n=4), major salivary glands (n=2), sinonasal tract (n=2), soft tissue of face or neck (n=2), and oral cavity (n=1). The histologic spectrum ranged from benign to high grade, in descending order including tumors resembling malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST)-like, fibrosarcoma (infantile or adult-type), lipofibromatosis-like neural tumor (LPFNT), inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor-like, and a novel phenotype resembling myxoma. Perivascular hyalinization\/stromal keloid-like collagen bands and staghorn vasculature were common features in MPNST-like and LPFNT-like tumors. Two tumors (1 each with <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">NTRK1 or BRAF<\/jats:italic> rearrangement) were classified as high grade. By immunohistochemistry, S100 and CD34 positivity was noted in 71% and 60%, frequently in MPNST-like and LPFNT-like phenotypes. Pan-TRK was a sensitive marker for <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">NTRK<\/jats:italic>-translocated tumors but was negative in tumor with other kinase fusions. One patient with a high-grade tumor developed distant metastasis. Molecular testing for various kinase fusions should be considered for S100<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/CD34<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> spindle cell neoplasms with perivascular hyalinization and staghorn vessels, as pan-TRK positivity is seen only in <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">NTRK<\/jats:italic> fusions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/pas.0000000000001982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,14]],"date-time":"2023-01-14T01:00:55Z","timestamp":1673658055000},"page":"248-258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Head and Neck Mesenchymal Tumors with Kinase Fusions"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4638-9835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert J.H.","family":"Suurmeijer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narasimhan P.","family":"Agaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina R.","family":"Antonescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 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