{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T15:49:01Z","timestamp":1790092141774,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS) is a heterogenous group of salivary gland tumors that likely contains distinct tumors that have not yet been characterized. Indeed, in recent years, cases previously diagnosed as adenocarcinoma, NOS have been recategorized into novel tumor designations such as secretory carcinoma, microsecretory adenocarcinoma, and sclerosing microcystic adenocarcinoma. We sought to describe a distinctive, hitherto-undescribed salivary gland tumor encountered in the authors\u2019 practices. Cases were pulled from the surgical pathology archives of the authors\u2019 institutions. Histologic, immunohistochemical, and clinical findings were tabulated, and targeted next-generation sequencing was performed on all cases. Nine cases were identified, arising in 8 women and 1 man ranging from 45 to 74 years (mean, 56.7\u00a0y). Seven tumors (78%) arose in the sublingual gland, while 2 (22%) arose in the submandibular gland. The cases shared a distinctive morphologic appearance. They were biphasic, with ducts scattered among a predominant polygonal cell with round nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and pale eosinophilic cytoplasm. These cells were arranged as trabeculae and palisaded as pseudorosettes around hyalinized stroma and vessels, resembling a neuroendocrine tumor. Four of the cases were well-circumscribed, while the remaining 5 showed infiltrative growth including perineural invasion in 2 (22%) and lymphovascular invasion in 1 (11%). Mitotic rates were low (mean, 2.2\/10\u00a0HPFs); necrosis was absent. By immunohistochemistry, the predominant cell type was strongly positive for CD56 (9 of 9) and variably positive for pan-cytokeratin (AE1\/AE3) (7 of 9) with patchy S100 (4 of 9), but negative for synaptophysin (0 of 9) and chromogranin (0 of 9), while the ducts were strongly positive for pan-cytokeratin (AE1\/AE3) (9 of 9) and CK5\/6 (7 of 7). Next-generation sequencing did not reveal any fusions or obvious driver mutations. All cases were resected surgically, with external beam radiation also done in 1 case. Follow-up was available in 8 cases; there were no metastases or recurrences after 4 to 160 months (mean, 53.1\u00a0mo). A dual population of scattered ducts with a predominance of CD56-positive neuroendocrine-like cells characterizes a unique salivary gland tumor which is often encountered in the sublingual glands of women, for which we propose the term \u201cpalisading adenocarcinoma.\u201d Although the tumor was biphasic and had a neuroendocrine-like appearance, it lacked convincing immunohistochemical evidence of myoepithelial or neuroendocrine differentiation. Although a subset showed unequivocally invasive growth, this tumor appears to behave in an indolent manner. Moving forward, recognition of palisading adenocarcinoma and its separation from other salivary adenocarcinomas, NOS will facilitate a better understanding of the characteristics of this previously unrecognized tumor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/pas.0000000000002091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T10:01:57Z","timestamp":1688032917000},"page":"1176-1185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Palisading Adenocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Justin A.","family":"Bishop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilan","family":"Weinreb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"van Vliet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connull","family":"Leslie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Utsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Aishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junichi","family":"Shiraishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masamichi","family":"Koyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asama Nanroku Komoro Medical Center, Nagano"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiharu","family":"Nara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, Mie"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatomo","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doreen","family":"Palsgrove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Ju","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Surgery, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Gagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Nakaguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshitaka","family":"Nagao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250608","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000980","article-title":"The role of molecular testing in the differential diagnosis of salivary gland carcinomas","volume":"42","author":"Skalova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"R2-20250608","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181d9efcc","article-title":"Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma of salivary glands, containing the ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene: a hitherto undescribed salivary gland tumor entity","volume":"34","author":"Skalova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Surg 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