{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T21:25:17Z","timestamp":1792445117600,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive plasma cell neoplasms (PCNs) in immunocompetent patients are a rare entity, the clinicopathological and prognostic features of which have not been well characterized. Fifteen cases of EBV-positive PCN arising in immunocompetent patients from south China were retrospectively analyzed, and an additional 44 cases from the literature were reviewed. The overall EBV-positive rate defined by EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) in-situ hybridization of PCNs was 12.3% (15\/122), and it was significantly higher in plasmacytoma (17.1%, 13\/76) than in plasma cell myeloma\/multiple myeloma (4.3%, 2\/46; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.031). The age of the patients ranged from 17 to 79 years, with a median age of 56 years. There was a large preponderance of men, with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. Solitary plasmacytoma of bone (23.8%, 5\/21) had comparable EBV-encoded small RNAs-positive rates with extramedullary plasmacytoma arising in the upper respiratory tract (19.5%, 8\/41; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.949). Anaplastic and classic cytologic appearance was observed in 61.5% (8\/13) and 38.5% (5\/13) of EBV-positive plasmacytomas, respectively. Cases with an anaplastic cytologic appearance had a significantly higher Ki-67 proliferation index than those with a classic cytologic appearance (median: 55% vs. 10%, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.001). In the combined cohorts, anaplastic\/plasmablastic cytologic appearance was significantly more common in extramedullary plasmacytoma arising in the upper respiratory tract (72.0%, 18\/25) than outside the upper respiratory tract (11.1%, 1\/9; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.006). Among the 59 cases of EBV-positive PCN, survival data of 34 cases were available for analysis, including 30 cases of plasmacytoma and 4 cases of plasma cell myeloma\/multiple myeloma. There was no statistically significant difference in overall survival between patients with EBV-positive plasmacytomas in the combined cohorts and EBV-negative plasmacytomas in the present cohort. The prevalence of EBV in PCN in immunocompetent patients varies according to histologic subtype and tumor location. Compared with EBV-negative cases, EBV-positive plasmacytomas tend to have an anaplastic\/plasmablastic cytologic appearance. No significant impact of EBV infection on clinical outcomes is observed in the limited number of reported cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/pas.0000000000002140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T13:01:35Z","timestamp":1702904495000},"page":"16-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Epstein-Barr Virus\u2013Positive Plasma Cell Neoplasms in Immunocompetent Patients"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yansong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Second People\u2019s Hospital, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongsheng","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingping","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meifang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhua","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250608","first-page":"503","article-title":"Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck: use of paraffin sections to assess clonality with in situ hybridization, growth fraction, and the presence of Epstein-Barr virus","volume":"8","author":"Aguilera","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"R2-20250608","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1159\/000011831","article-title":"Plasmacytoma of the gastrointestinal tract in Korea: higher incidence than 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