{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:22:46Z","timestamp":1790662966277,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]],"date-time":"2012-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/pat.0b013e328351bcc8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,7]],"date-time":"2012-03-07T12:42:46Z","timestamp":1331124166000},"page":"181-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["The liver sieve and atherosclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Robin","family":"Fraser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria C.","family":"Cogger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Dobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamish","family":"Jamieson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah N.","family":"Hilmir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Le Couteur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0005","series-title":"The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology.","first-page":"387","article-title":"Fenestrations in the liver sinusoidal endothelial cell","author":"Cogger","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0010","first-page":"863","article-title":"Lipoproteins and the liver sieve: the role of fenestrated sinusoidal endothelium in lipoprotein metabolism, atherosclerosis, and cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Fraser","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840050427","article-title":"The liver sieve: considerations concerning the structure and function of endothelial fenestrae, the sinusoidal wall and the space of Disse","volume":"5","author":"Wisse","year":"1985","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394402","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50347","article-title":"Antimycin A-induced defenestration in rathepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells","volume":"38","author":"Braet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3109\/00313028609090821","article-title":"The liver sinusoidal cells. Their role in disorders of the liver, lipoprotein metabolism and atherogenesis","volume":"18","author":"Fraser","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0030","first-page":"240","article-title":"Preliminary note on intra and intercellular passages in the liver of the frog","volume":"29","author":"Fraser","year":"1895","journal-title":"J Anat Physiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5320(70)90150-4","article-title":"An electron microscopic study of the fenestrated endothelial lining of rat liver sinusoids","volume":"31","author":"Wisse","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Ultrastruct Res"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0040","first-page":"1475","article-title":"Observations on the cytology and electron microscopy of hepatic cells","volume":"15","author":"Fawcett","year":"1955","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1959.196.2.381","article-title":"Morphological classification of vertebrate blood capillaries","volume":"196","author":"Bennett","year":"1959","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0050","first-page":"390","article-title":"The effect of dietary fat load on the size and composition of chylomicrons in thoracic duct lymph","volume":"53","author":"Fraser","year":"1968","journal-title":"Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(78)90001-1","article-title":"Filtration of chylomicrons by the liver may influence cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis","volume":"29","author":"Fraser","year":"1978","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0060","series-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoid","first-page":"317","article-title":"Atherosclerosis and the liver sieve","author":"Fraser","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.2741\/Yu","article-title":"Postprandial lipoproteins and atherosclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Yu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Frontiers Biosci"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0070","first-page":"G391","article-title":"The liver sinusoidal endothelial cell: A cell type of controversial and confusing identity","volume":"294","author":"Elvevold","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-5926-2-S1-S22","article-title":"Clearance function of scavenger endothelial cells","volume":"3","author":"Smedsrod","year":"2004","journal-title":"Comp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21378","article-title":"T lymphocytes interact with hepatocytes through fenestrations in murine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells","volume":"44","author":"Warren","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1038\/82161","article-title":"Efficient presentation of exogenous antigen by liver endothelial cells to CD8+ T cells results in antigen- specific T-cell tolerance","volume":"6","author":"Limmer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2945","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1012531108","article-title":"Serotonin reverts age-related capillarization and failure of regeneration in the liver through a VEGF- dependent pathway","volume":"108","author":"Furrer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.21998","article-title":"Sinusoidal ultrastructure evaluated during the revascularization of regenerating rat liver","volume":"33","author":"Wack","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0100","first-page":"222","article-title":"High perfusion pressure damages the sieving ability of sinusoidal endothelium in rat livers","volume":"61","author":"Fraser","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092060405","article-title":"Hepatic sinusoidal endothelium in sheep: an ultrastructural reinvestigation","volume":"206","author":"Wright","year":"1983","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2011.08.002","article-title":"Recent advances in liver sinusoidal endothelial ultrastructure and fine structure immunocytochemistry","volume":"43","author":"Yokomori","year":"2012","journal-title":"Micron"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540104900401","article-title":"The vesiculo-vacuolar organelle (VVO). A new endothelial cell permeability organelle","volume":"49","author":"Dvorak","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-1605(85)90102-8","article-title":"Fenestration patterns in endothelial cells of rat liver sinusoids","volume":"90","author":"Vidal-Vanaclocha","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Ultrastruct Res"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-5926-7-4","article-title":"The influence of oxygen tension on the structure and function of isolated liver sinusoidal endothelial cells","volume":"7","author":"Martinez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsb.2010.06.001","article-title":"Three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestrations","volume":"171","author":"Cogger","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Struct Biol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0135","first-page":"187","article-title":"On the dynamic nature ofhepatic endothelial cell fenestrae","volume":"6","author":"Arias","year":"1987","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0140","first-page":"180","article-title":"Structure and dynamics of the fenestrae-associated cytoskeleton of rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells","volume":"21","author":"Braet","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0145","series-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoid.","first-page":"517","article-title":"The structure and function of the cytoskeleton in sinusoidal endothelial cells","author":"Van Der Smissen","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363540","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.23.13635","article-title":"A novel structure involved in the formation of liver endothelial cell fenestrae revealed by using the actininhibitormisakinolide","volume":"95","author":"Braet","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.4148","article-title":"VEGF can act as vascular permeability factor in the hepatic sinusoids through upregulation of porosity of endothelial cells","volume":"280","author":"Funyu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2003.00880.x","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor increases fenestral permeability in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells","volume":"23","author":"Yokomori","year":"2003","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-5926-1-1","article-title":"Structural and functional aspects of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestrae: a review","volume":"1","author":"Braet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Compar Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1396.007","article-title":"Effects of old age on hepatocyte oxygenation","volume":"1114","author":"Cheluvappa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann N YAcad Sci"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3293","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01902","article-title":"VEGF is crucial for the hepatic vascular development required for lipoprotein uptake","volume":"132","author":"Carpenter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0180","first-page":"2027","article-title":"Studies on fenestral contraction in rat liver endothelial cells in culture","volume":"148","author":"Gatmaitan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6346(01)00147-4","article-title":"Role of endothelin receptors in endothelin-1-induced morphological changes of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial fenestrae: morphometric evaluation with scanning electron microscopy","volume":"22","author":"Kamegaya","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0190","series-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoid","first-page":"335","article-title":"The opposite effects ofnicotine and pantethine on the porosity of the liver sieve and lipoprotein metabolism","author":"Fraser","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.04.034","article-title":"The effects of oxidative stress on the liver sieve","volume":"41","author":"Cogger","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2005.12.025","article-title":"Hyperlipidemia and surfactants: the liver sieve is a link","volume":"189","author":"Cogger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3980","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI35092","article-title":"Arsenic-stimulated liver sinusoidal capillarization in mice requires NADPH oxidase-generated superoxide","volume":"118","author":"Straub","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80007-0","article-title":"Hepatic microvascular features in experimental cirrhosis: a structural and morphometrical study in CCl4- treated rats","volume":"33","author":"Onori","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0215","first-page":"5","article-title":"Sinusoidal endothelial cells as an early target for hepatic toxicants","volume":"34","author":"McCuskey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microcirc"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0220","first-page":"321","article-title":"Scanning electron microscopic examination of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and congestion in mice","volume":"113","author":"Walker","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1994.tb00080.x","article-title":"Endotoxin-induced defenestration of the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium: a factor in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis?","volume":"14","author":"Dobbs","year":"1994","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2008.00602.x","article-title":"Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and acute nonoxidative hepatic injury induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocyanin","volume":"89","author":"Cheluvappa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.3109\/00313020903257764","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the hyperlipidaemia of sepsis","volume":"41","author":"Cheluvappa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2007.05016.x","article-title":"The effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factor, pyocyanin, on the liver sinusoidal endothelial cell","volume":"22","author":"Cheluvappa","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1992.tb00581.x","article-title":"Decreased hepatic uptake of cholesterol and retinol in the dimethylnitrosamine rat model of cirrhosis","volume":"12","author":"Rogers","year":"1992","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90813-6","article-title":"Defenestration ofhepatic sinusoids as a cause of hyperlipoproteinaemia in alcoholics","volume":"ii","author":"Clark","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0255","first-page":"247","article-title":"The alcohol, cholesterol-fed rabbit. A new model of cirrhosis","volume":"99","author":"Fraser","year":"1986","journal-title":"ANZ Med J"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0260","first-page":"345","article-title":"Nicotine decreases the porosity of the rat liver sieve: a possible mechanism for hypercholesterolaemia","volume":"69","author":"Fraser","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3109\/00313021003636469","article-title":"The effect of feeding and fasting on fenestrations in the liver sinusoidal endothelial cell","volume":"42","author":"O\u2019Reilly","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2008.01891.x","article-title":"Caveolin-1 and Rac regulate endothelial capillary-like tubular formation and fenestral contraction in sinusoidal endothelial cells","volume":"29","author":"Yokomori","year":"2009","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1549-8719.2009.00004.x","article-title":"Liver sinusoidal endothelial fenestrations in caveolin-1 knockout mice","volume":"17","author":"Warren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microcirculation"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00932.x","article-title":"The blood-lymph barrier in the liver. A review based on morphological and functional concepts of normal and cirrhotic liver","volume":"4","author":"Henriksen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00219553","article-title":"Filtration effect of endothelial fenestrations on chylomicron transport in neonatal rat liver sinusoids","volume":"190","author":"Naito","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.1984.12005755","article-title":"Binding of apolipoprotein E-rich remnant lipoproteins to human liver membranes","volume":"19","author":"Floren","year":"1984","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(99)00364-6","article-title":"On the mechanism of hepatic transendothelial passage oflarge liposomes","volume":"448","author":"Romero","year":"1999","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20937","article-title":"Age-related changes in the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium impede lipoprotein transfer in the rat","volume":"42","author":"Hilmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2009.09.002","article-title":"The diameter of liver sinusoidal fenestrae is not a major determinant of lipoprotein levels and atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits","volume":"20","author":"Jacobs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2010.04.007","article-title":"Fenestrations and lipoproteins","volume":"20","author":"Le Couteur","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.E598","article-title":"Remnant lipoproteins as strong key particles to atherogenesis","volume":"16","author":"Fujioka","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08524-0","article-title":"Hepatic pseudoca- pillarisation and atherosclerosis in ageing","volume":"359","author":"Le Couteur","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.3.4.344","article-title":"Small liver fenestrae may explain the susceptibility of rabbits to atherosclerosis","volume":"3","author":"Wright","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3109\/00313027609094425","article-title":"New interpretations of lipoproteins and arterial lesions of cholesterol-fed rabbits","volume":"8","author":"Fraser","year":"1976","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4800(76)90070-8","article-title":"Stimulation of proliferation in stationary primary cultures of monkey and rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells. I. Effects of lipoprotein fractions of hyperlipemic serum and lymph","volume":"24","author":"Fischer-Dzoga","year":"1976","journal-title":"Exp Mol Pathol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200544020-00004","article-title":"The hepatic sinusoid in aging and cirrhosis - Effects on hepatic substrate disposition and drug clearance","volume":"44","author":"Le Couteur","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0345","series-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoid","first-page":"3","article-title":"Hepatic endothelial cell fenestrae","author":"Gatmaitan","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110722","article-title":"Assessment of liver microcirculation in human cirrhosis","volume":"70","author":"Huet","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.36820","article-title":"Quantitative evaluation of altered hepatic spaces and membrane transport in fibrotic rat liver","volume":"36","author":"Hung","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.22235","article-title":"Poloxamer 407 increases the recovery of paracetamol in the isolated perfused rat liver","volume":"100","author":"Mitchell","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glq221","article-title":"Age-related pseudoca- pillarization of the liver sinusoidal endothelium impairs the hepatic clearance of acetaminophen in rats","volume":"66","author":"Mitchell","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200847050-00002","article-title":"Free drug metabolic clearance in elderly people","volume":"47","author":"Butler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0375","first-page":"46","article-title":"Thoughts on the liver sieve","volume":"1","author":"Fraser","year":"1978","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Kupffer Cell Foundation"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3302899","article-title":"Species differences in transgene DNA uptake in hepatocytes after adenoviral transfer correlate with the size of endothelial fenestrae","volume":"14","author":"Snoeys","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2670","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.8.2670","article-title":"Sustained phenotypic correction of hemophilia B dogs with a factor IX null mutation by liver-directed gene therapy","volume":"99","author":"Mount","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3338","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-12-3657","article-title":"The liver sieve and gene therapy","volume":"101","author":"Fraser","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2010.85","article-title":"Targeted delivery of RNAi therapeutics with endogenous and exogenous ligand-based mechanisms","volume":"18","author":"Akinc","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910603106","article-title":"Lipid-like materials for low-dose, in vivo gene silencing","volume":"107","author":"Love","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.08.022","article-title":"Marked changes of the hepatic sinusoid in a transgenic mouse model of acute immune-mediated hepatitis","volume":"46","author":"Warren","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439835","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/439835","article-title":"The effects of old age on hepatic stellate cells","volume":"2011","author":"Warren","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(63)80130-4","article-title":"Capillarisation of hepatic sinusoids in man","volume":"44","author":"Schaffner","year":"1963","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840170520","article-title":"Defenestration of the sinusoidal endothelial cell in a rat model of cirrhosis","volume":"17","author":"Mori","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0425","series-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoid","first-page":"195","article-title":"Defenestration and vitamin A status in a rat model of cirrhosis","author":"Fraser","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97108","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00427085","article-title":"Surface features of cirrhotic liver","volume":"372","author":"Nopanitaya","year":"1976","journal-title":"Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840180626","article-title":"Capillarization and venularization of hepatic sinusoids in porcine serum-induced rat liver fibrosis: a mechanism to maintain liver blood flow","volume":"18","author":"Bhunchet","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80195-0","article-title":"Myofibroblasts in the cirrhotic rat liver reflect hepatic remodeling and correlate with fibrosis and sinusoidal capillarization","volume":"30","author":"Zimmermann","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0445","series-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoids","first-page":"191","article-title":"Relationship between endothelial structure and capillarisation in fatty liver","author":"Madarame","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20302","article-title":"Hepatic microvascular dysfunction during evolution of dietary steatohepatitis in mice","volume":"40","author":"McCuskey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63487-6","article-title":"Capillarization of hepatic sinusoid by liver endothelial cell-reactive autoantibodies in patients with cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis","volume":"163","author":"Xu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-991515","article-title":"Hepatic microvasculature in liver injury","volume":"27","author":"DeLeve","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-23204","article-title":"Toxic injury to hepatic sinusoids: sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (veno-occlusive disease)","volume":"22","author":"DeLeve","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290615","article-title":"Characterization of a reproducible rat model ofhepatic veno-occlusive disease","volume":"29","author":"DeLeve","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0475","first-page":"G1045","article-title":"Embolization by sinusoidal lining cells obstructs the microcirculation in rat sinusoidal obstruction syndrome","volume":"284","author":"DeLeve","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20661","article-title":"Old age and the hepatic sinusoid","volume":"291","author":"Le Couteur","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anat Rec (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.22754","article-title":"Pseudocapillarization and associated energy limitation in the aged rat liver","volume":"33","author":"Le Couteur","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2003.07.002","article-title":"Hepatic sinusoidal pseudocapillar- ization with aging in the nonhuman primate","volume":"38","author":"Cogger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2007.04.008","article-title":"Age-related changes in the hepatic microcirculation of mice","volume":"48","author":"Ito","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2006.11.004","article-title":"Caloric restriction reduces age-related pseudocapillarization of the hepatic sinusoid","volume":"42","author":"Jamieson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1328","article-title":"Age-related pseudocapillar- ization of the human liver","volume":"200","author":"McLean","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2005.06.012","article-title":"Hepatic pseudocapillarization in aged mice","volume":"40","author":"Warren","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1396.003","article-title":"Age-related changes in the liver sinusoidal endothelium: a mechanism for dyslipidemia","volume":"1114","author":"Le Couteur","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2008.01.009","article-title":"Effects of aluminium sulphate in the mouse liver: similarities to the aging process","volume":"43","author":"Stacchiotti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1093\/jmicro\/dfp039","article-title":"Old age is associated with ultrastructural changes in isolated rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells","volume":"59","author":"O\u2019Reilly","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Electron Microsc (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2007.06.001","article-title":"The effect of old age on liver oxygenation and the hepatic expression of VEGF and VEGFR2","volume":"42","author":"Cheluvappa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20991","article-title":"Microcirculation of the aging liver: is getting old like having cirrhosis?","volume":"42","author":"Huet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0540","series-title":"New Research on Atherosclerosis.","first-page":"19","article-title":"Aging, atherosclerosis and the liver sieve","author":"Le Couteur","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0545","series-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoid","first-page":"123","article-title":"The liver sieve in diabetes: are the ultrastructural changes similar to those seen in alcoholism?","author":"Jamieson","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0739-4","article-title":"Alterations in liver sinusoidal endothelium in a baboon model of type 1 diabetes","volume":"50","author":"Jamieson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.31.12.1061","article-title":"Ultrastructural aspects of the liver perisinusoidal space in diabetic patients with and without microangiopathy","volume":"31","author":"Bernuau","year":"1982","journal-title":"Diabetes"}],"container-title":["Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031302516325466?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031302516325466?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T20:42:57Z","timestamp":1593808977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031302516325466"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031302516325466"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/pat.0b013e328351bcc8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3025"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3025","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}}}