{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:18:27Z","timestamp":1777619907917,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Emer Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Internal carotid artery (ICA) dissections with associated stroke are rare events in infants. The usual pathomechanisms include direct trauma to the artery, blunt intraoral trauma, or child abuse. We describe the case of a 4-month-old male patient with ICA dissection and associated middle cerebral artery territory infarction associated with hyperextension\/hyperrotation after a minor head injury. Upon treatment with anticoagulants, the patient showed significant improvement of the left-sided hemiparesis. Hemorrhagic transformation that presented shortly after middle cerebral artery infarction did not further increase under heparin treatment and prevented further embolism. In conclusion, hyperextension and\/or hyperrotation in minor head trauma is a possible pathomechanism for ICA dissection in infants. However, the scenario is extremely rare, and to our best knowledge, this is the first report describing it. In our patient, anticoagulation did not worsen hemorrhagic transformation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/pec.0000000000000834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,24]],"date-time":"2016-09-24T11:00:56Z","timestamp":1474714856000},"page":"e177-e179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Carotid Artery Dissection With Associated Territory Stroke After a Minor Head Trauma in a Healthy 4-Month-Old Child"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Zant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *KUNO University Children's Hospital; \u2020Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg; and \u2021Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Melter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *KUNO University Children's Hospital; \u2020Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg; and \u2021Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Doerfler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *KUNO University Children's Hospital; \u2020Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg; and \u2021Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Schlachetzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *KUNO University Children's Hospital; \u2020Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg; and \u2021Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernst-Michael","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *KUNO University Children's Hospital; \u2020Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg; and \u2021Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Schilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *KUNO University Children's Hospital; \u2020Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg; and \u2021Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juergen","family":"Kunkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *KUNO University Children's Hospital; \u2020Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg; and \u2021Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"bib1-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073811420297","article-title":"Risk factors and clinical outcomes of childhood ischemic stroke in a single Korean tertiary care center","volume":"27","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"bib2-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pec.0000101583.65509.85","article-title":"Traumatic dissection of the internal carotid artery","volume":"20","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"bib3-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-009-0374-9","article-title":"Carotid artery dissection following a minor household accident in a 10-month-old child","volume":"178","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"bib4-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-004-1056-6","article-title":"Arterial dissection and stroke following child abuse: case report and review of the literature","volume":"21","year":"2005","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"bib5-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.160.1.8416609","article-title":"Posttraumatic carotid artery dissection in children: evaluation with MR angiography","volume":"160","year":"1993","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"bib6-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1159\/000121122","article-title":"Blunt carotid injury in children","volume":"25","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg"},{"key":"bib7-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433-200103000-00001","article-title":"Fatal pediatric head injuries caused by short-distance falls","volume":"22","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"key":"bib8-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.78.5.403","article-title":"Epidemiology of head injury","volume":"78","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"bib9-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.1.13","article-title":"Minor head injury as cause and co-factor in the aetiology of stroke in childhood: a report of eight cases","volume":"73","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"bib10-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.88.3.267","article-title":"Can mild head injury cause ischaemic stroke?","volume":"88","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"bib11-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.604199","article-title":"Hemorrhagic transformation of childhood arterial ischemic stroke","volume":"42","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"bib12-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0404.2000.00001.x","article-title":"Internal carotid artery dissection","volume":"101","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"bib13-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89798","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089798","article-title":"Use of antithrombotics after hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke","volume":"9","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"bib14-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e737S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2308","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy in neonates and children: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"141","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"bib15-20230930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.189696","article-title":"Management of stroke in infants and children: a scientific statement from a Special Writing Group of the American Heart Association Stroke Council and the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young","volume":"39","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Emergency Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00006565-201712000-00024","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T08:07:50Z","timestamp":1696061270000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00006565-201712000-00024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/pec.0000000000000834","relation":{},"ISSN":["1535-1815","0749-5161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1535-1815","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0749-5161","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}}}