{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T03:26:09Z","timestamp":1768879569121,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Emer Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Endotracheal intubation is an essential skill for the pediatric airway management. Although direct laryngoscopy (DL) is the standard method, several videolaryngoscopes (VLs) have been recently enhanced as an alternative especially for difficult intubations. We aimed to compare McGrath MAC (McG) and Storz C-MAC PM (ST) VLs with DL in terms of intubation success rate, time to intubation (TTI), and duration of obtaining glottis view of intubation attempts performed by pediatric residents on different pediatric airway manikins.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The pediatric residents with no experience in videolaryngoscopy were included. After a brief demonstration, intubation attempts with 3 randomly handled different devices with 6 different blades were performed on a child manikin, an infant manikin, a Pierre-Robin sequence infant manikin, and a child manikin with cervical immobilization sequentially.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Fifty pediatric residents were enrolled. The attempts of DL on child manikin and attempts of all devices on child with cervical immobilization simulation were completely successful. For the attempts on both infant manikin and Pierre-Robin sequence infant manikin, the success rate of McG was significantly lower than ST and DL (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.011 and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). In the child manikin, McG and ST had prolonged TTI compared with DL (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.016 and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). For the child with cervical immobilization simulation, TTI of DL was significantly shorter than McG and ST (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.011 and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). Time to intubation of McG was significantly longer than DL and ST for the attempts on both 2 infant manikins. The rate of Cormack-Lehane grade I glottis view was similar for the attempts on both 2 child airway simulations. For infant manikin and Pierre-Robin sequence infant simulation, the rate of Cormack-Lehane grade I of ST was higher than attempts of DL and McG.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The attempts of pediatric residents on infant normal airway and Pierre-Robin sequence infant airway simulations resulted with enhanced glottis view by the utilization of Storz C-MAC PM, but both 2 VLs did not provide the improvement of intubation success rate and TTI compared with DL on these 4 different pediatric manikins. Further clinical studies of different VLs in different clinical courses are required for a reliable utilization in children.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/pec.0000000000002247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T01:00:17Z","timestamp":1601514017000},"page":"e272-e277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Which Device Is Favorable for Intubation Attempts of Pediatric Residents on Four Different Pediatric Airway Simulations?"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"An\u0131l","family":"Er","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aykut","family":"\u00c7a\u011flar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hale","family":"\u00c7itlenbik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Akg\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emel","family":"Ulusoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hale","family":"\u00d6ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Durg\u00fcl","family":"Y\u03b9lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Duman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib2-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000249","article-title":"Improvement in glottic visualisation by using the C-MAC PM video laryngoscope as a first-line device for out-of-hospital emergency tracheal intubation: an observational study","volume":"32","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"bib3-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e318159ffef","article-title":"Resident exposure to critical patients in a pediatric emergency department","volume":"23","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"bib4-20250504","article-title":"A comparison of direct laryngoscopy and videolaryngoscopy for endotracheal intubation by inexperienced users: a pediatric manikin study","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"bib5-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1197\/j.aem.2004.01.004","article-title":"Emergency medicine resident rotation in pediatric emergency medicine: what kind of experience are we providing?","volume":"11","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"bib6-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31816ecbd4","article-title":"Tracheal intubation practice and maintaining skill competency: survey of pediatric emergency department medical directors","volume":"24","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"bib7-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.13043","article-title":"A comparison between McGrath MAC videolaryngoscopy and Macintosh laryngoscopy in children","volume":"62","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"bib8-20250504","first-page":"617","article-title":"Recommendations for airway control and difficult airway management","volume":"71","year":"2005","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"bib9-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00508-1","article-title":"Airway management complications in children with difficult tracheal intubation from the pediatric difficult intubation (PeDI) registry: a prospective cohort analysis","volume":"4","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"bib10-20250504","first-page":"607","article-title":"Emergency tracheal intubation: complications associated with repeated laryngoscopic attempts","volume":"99","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"bib11-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12055","article-title":"The importance of first pass success when performing orotracheal intubation in the emergency department","volume":"20","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"bib12-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-016-0593-y","article-title":"The number of tracheal intubation attempts matters! A prospective multi-institutional pediatric observational study","volume":"16","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"bib13-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2010.02.024","article-title":"Emergency airway management: a multi-center report of 8937 emergency department intubations","volume":"41","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"bib14-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2005.01.009","article-title":"Airway management by US and Canadian emergency medicine residents: a multicenter analysis of more than 6,000 endotracheal intubation attempts","volume":"46","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"bib15-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000001128","article-title":"Videolaryngoscopy in neonates, infants, and children","volume":"18","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"bib16-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2008.01794.x","article-title":"Paediatric airway management: basic aspects","volume":"53","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"bib17-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-014-2329-z","article-title":"Tracheal intubation of pediatric manikins during ongoing chest compressions. Does Glidescope(R) videolaryngoscope improve pediatric residents' performance?","volume":"173","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"bib18-20250504","first-page":"CD011413","article-title":"Videolaryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation in children (excluding neonates)","volume":"5","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"bib19-20250504","first-page":"30","article-title":"Pediatric laryngoscopes and intubation aids old and new","volume":"19","year":"2009","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"bib20-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1984.tb08932.x","article-title":"Difficult tracheal intubation in obstetrics","volume":"39","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"bib21-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12633","article-title":"Factors associated with oxyhemoglobin desaturation during rapid sequence intubation in a pediatric emergency department: findings from multivariable analyses of video review data","volume":"22","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"bib22-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2015.11.060","article-title":"A comparison of the McGrath-MAC and Macintosh laryngoscopes for child tracheal intubation during resuscitation by paramedics. A randomized, crossover, manikin study","volume":"34","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"bib23-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2015.04.017","article-title":"Comparison of intubation through the McGrath MAC, GlideScope, AirTraq, and Miller laryngoscope by paramedics during child CPR: a randomized crossover manikin trial","volume":"33","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"bib24-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-017-2909-9","article-title":"A comparison of McGrath MAC(R) and standard direct laryngoscopy in simulated immobilized cervical spine pediatric intubation: a manikin study","volume":"176","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"bib25-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2012.03.031","article-title":"A comparison of the C-MAC video laryngoscope to the Macintosh direct laryngoscope for intubation in the emergency department","volume":"60","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"bib26-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e3181f39b87","article-title":"Comparison of the GlideScope Videolaryngoscope to the standard Macintosh for intubation by pediatric residents in simulated child airway scenarios","volume":"26","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"bib27-20250504","first-page":"407547","article-title":"Comparison of GlideScope videolaryngoscopy to direct laryngoscopy for intubation of a pediatric simulator by novice physicians","volume":"2013","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerg Med Int"},{"key":"bib28-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e318217b550","article-title":"A randomized comparison of the GlideScope videolaryngoscope to the standard laryngoscopy for intubation by pediatric residents in simulated easy and difficult infant airway scenarios","volume":"27","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"bib29-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2014(01)04","article-title":"Comparison of the TruView infant EVO2 PCD\u2122 and C-MAC video laryngoscopes with direct Macintosh laryngoscopy for routine tracheal intubation in infants with normal airways","volume":"69","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"bib30-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2009.03127.x","article-title":"A comparison of the STORZ video laryngoscope and standard direct laryngoscopy for intubation in the pediatric airway\u2014a randomized clinical trial","volume":"19","year":"2009","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"bib31-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0171889","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0171889","article-title":"A comparison of the Airtraq(R), McGrath(R), and Macintosh laryngoscopes for difficult paediatric intubation: a manikin study","volume":"12","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"bib32-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0b013e3283269ff4","article-title":"Learning curves of the Glidescope, the McGrath and the Airtraq laryngoscopes: a manikin study","volume":"26","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"bib33-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-012-1351-4","article-title":"The learning curve for laryngoscopy: Airtraq versus Macintosh laryngoscopes","volume":"26","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"bib34-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2014.9.23691","article-title":"Learning curves for direct laryngoscopy and GlideScope(R) video laryngoscopy in an emergency medicine residency","volume":"15","year":"2014","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"key":"bib35-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2009.06061.x","article-title":"A comparison of McGrath and Macintosh laryngoscopes in novice users: a manikin study","volume":"64","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"bib36-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12298","article-title":"Straight video blades are advantageous than curved blades in simulated pediatric difficult intubation","volume":"24","year":"2014","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"bib37-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2014.66.4.310","article-title":"Combined use of a McGrath(R) MAC video laryngoscope and Frova intubating introducer in a patient with Pierre Robin syndrome: a case report","volume":"66","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"bib38-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181ad8a05","article-title":"Management of the difficult infant airway with the Storz video laryngoscope: a case series","volume":"109","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"bib39-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181a1a600","article-title":"The efficacy of the Storz Miller 1 video laryngoscope in a simulated infant difficult intubation","volume":"108","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"bib40-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2015.11.005","article-title":"Defining the learning curve for endotracheal intubation using direct laryngoscopy: a systematic review","volume":"99","year":"2016","journal-title":"Resuscitation"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Emergency Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/PEC.0000000000002247","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T18:11:22Z","timestamp":1746382282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/PEC.0000000000002247"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/pec.0000000000002247","relation":{},"ISSN":["1535-1815","0749-5161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1535-1815","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0749-5161","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]}}}