{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:44:34Z","timestamp":1787010274002,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Emer Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The low incidence of blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) reported in pediatric studies (&lt;1%) might be related to an underreporting due to both the absence of current screening guidelines and the use of inadequate imaging techniques. This research is a review of the literature limited to the last 5 years (2017\u20132022) about the approach and management of BCVI in pediatrics. The strongest predictors for BCVI were the presence of basal skull fracture, cervical spine fracture, intracranial hemorrhage, Glasgow Coma Scale score less than 8, mandible fracture, and injury severity score more than 15. Vertebral artery injuries had the highest associated stroke rate of any injury type at 27.6% (vs 20.1% in carotid injury). The sensitivity of the well-established screening guidelines of BCVI varies when applied to the pediatric population (Utah score \u2013 36%, 17%, Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) guideline \u2013 17%, and Denver criteria \u2013 2%). A recent metaanalysis of 8 studies comparing early computed tomographic angiogram (CTA) to digital subtraction angiography for BCVI detection in adult trauma patients demonstrated high variability in the sensitivity and specificity of CTA across centers. Overall, CTA was found to have a high specificity but low sensitivity for BCVI. The role of antithrombotic as well as the type and duration of therapy remain controversial. Studies suggest that systemic heparinization and antiplatelet therapy are equally effective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/pec.0000000000002967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]],"date-time":"2023-05-10T19:55:03Z","timestamp":1683748503000},"page":"319-322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pediatric Blunt Cerebrovascular Injuries"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Chady","family":"El Tawil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joe","family":"Nemeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University Health Center, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muzna","family":"Al Sawafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-001-0056-x","article-title":"Blunt carotid and vertebral arterial injuries","volume":"25","year":"2001","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"bib2-20250504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31829d3526","article-title":"Blunt cerebrovascular injury in children: underreported or underrecognized?: A multicenter ATOMAC study","volume":"75","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care 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