{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:09:38Z","timestamp":1792087778466,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Unintentional injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires competency in medical and trauma resuscitation in patients from newborn through adulthood. Yet there is a paucity of data regarding best practices for pediatric trauma training. The goal of this study was to evaluate knowledge gaps in pediatric trauma training, implement a trauma simulation curriculum, and evaluate changes in fellows comfort level with trauma skills preimplementation and postimplementation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We utilized Kern\u2019s 6-step approach to design an innovative longitudinal trauma curriculum for Pediatric Emergency Medicine (PEM) fellows. A needs assessment was sent to PEM faculty, PEM fellows, pediatric surgery faculty, pediatric surgery fellows, and pediatric ED nursing. Learning objectives were derived and categorized as technical skills, nontechnical skills, and case-based medical knowledge. This guided a year-long curriculum including 11 simulation cases and 3 didactic sessions. The curriculum was assessed at Kirkpatrick levels 1 and 2 through preimplementation and postimplementation surveys. We assessed fellows' self-reported comfort and faculty perception of the supervision required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fellows began with higher overall comfort with nontechnical skills compared with technical skills. Following implementation, there was a statistically significant improvement in fellow comfort in overall technical skills (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05), traction splint application (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05), and initiating massive transfusion protocol (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). There were positive trends in obtaining access, placing pelvic binders, managing increased intracranial pressure, and leadership skills. There were no statistically significant findings noted in the surveys completed by the faculty.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study presents a promising foundation for a comprehensive longitudinal pediatric trauma curriculum. Our study, while small, showed overall improvement in fellow comfort with trauma resuscitation at Kirkpatrick level 1, most notably with technical skills. Future areas of research include increased sample size, enhanced skills assessment methods, and expansion to other trauma team stakeholders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/pec.0000000000003528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T05:00:08Z","timestamp":1766552408000},"page":"193-198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Implementing a Multidisciplinary Trauma Simulation Curriculum for Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellows"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Carissa","family":"Bunke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children\u2019s Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Hartman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nemours Children\u2019s Hospital, Wilmington, DE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alisha","family":"Ching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Visclosky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2017-042435","article-title":"Epidemiology of paediatric trauma presenting to US emergency departments: 2006-2012","volume":"25","author":"Avraham","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inj Prev"},{"key":"R4-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2017.04.014","article-title":"The epidemiology of inpatient pediatric trauma in United States hospitals 2000 to 2011","volume":"53","author":"Oliver","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R5-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.2310\/8000.2011.110230","article-title":"Resuscitation interventions in a tertiary level pediatric emergency department: implications for maintenance of skills","volume":"13","author":"Guilfoyle","year":"2011","journal-title":"CJEM"},{"key":"R6-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2012.06.021","article-title":"The spectrum and frequency of critical procedures performed in a pediatric emergency department: implications of a provider-level view","volume":"61","author":"Mittiga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R7-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e174","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000001522","article-title":"Current practices in pediatric emergency medicine fellowship trauma training","volume":"37","author":"Fleisher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"R8-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e115","DOI":"10.3109\/01421590903398240","article-title":"The development of a national pediatric trauma curriculum","volume":"32","author":"Valani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Teach"},{"key":"R9-20260227","first-page":"10940","article-title":"Pediatric emergency medicine disaster simulation curriculum: the 5-minute trauma assessment for pediatric residents (TRAP-5)","volume":"16","author":"Dickerson-Young","year":"2020","journal-title":"MedEdPORTAL J Teach Learn Resour"},{"key":"R12-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-12-00380.1","article-title":"Nuts and bolts of entrustable professional activities","volume":"5","author":"Ten Cate","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Grad Med Educ"},{"key":"R13-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.01.010","article-title":"Self-assessment of team performance using T-NOTECHS in simulated pediatric trauma resuscitation is not consistent with expert assessment","volume":"216","author":"Wieck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"R14-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1080\/17457300.2014.925937","article-title":"Paediatric trauma in the USA: patterns of emergency department visits and associated hospital resource use","volume":"22","author":"Odetola","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot"},{"key":"R15-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2023.08.004","article-title":"Use of pediatric trauma simulations to facilitate exposure to pediatric trauma resuscitations during training","volume":"174","author":"Horne","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"R16-20260227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-018-4361-y","article-title":"Impact of simulation-based training on perceived provider confidence in acute multidisciplinary pediatric trauma resuscitation","volume":"34","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"R17-20260227","first-page":"278","article-title":"Can text messaging teach residents? a randomized controlled trial","volume":"1","author":"Artinian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sch"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Emergency Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/PEC.0000000000003528","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T13:50:51Z","timestamp":1785851451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/PEC.0000000000003528"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/pec.0000000000003528","relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-5161","1535-1815"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-5161","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-1815","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-25","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-16","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}