{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:17:17Z","timestamp":1786119437873,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/phm.0b013e318168ceaf","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,27]],"date-time":"2010-01-27T00:52:46Z","timestamp":1264553566000},"page":"312-317","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["The Use of Botulinum Toxin for Spasticity After Spinal Cord Injury"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Christina","family":"Marciniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn","family":"Rader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Gagnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90329-5","article-title":"Spasticity after traumatic spinal cord injury: nature, severity, and location.","volume":"80","author":"Skold","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R2-9-20210202","first-page":"566","article-title":"Epidemiology of spasticity following traumatic spinal cord injury.","volume":"71","author":"Maynard","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R3-9-20210202","first-page":"485","article-title":"Spasticity: Disorder Motor Control.","author":"Lance","year":"1980"},{"key":"R4-9-20210202","first-page":"163","article-title":"Pathophysiology of spasticity [in French].","volume":"49","author":"Decq","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurochirurgie"},{"key":"R5-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101757","article-title":"Spasticity after spinal cord injury.","volume":"43","author":"Adams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"R6-9-20210202","article-title":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.","year":"2000"},{"key":"R7-9-20210202","first-page":"585","article-title":"The Stockholm Spinal Cord Injury Study: 2 associations between clinical patient characteristics and post-acute medical problems.","volume":"33","author":"Levi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"R8-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.1999.11719570","article-title":"Treatment alternatives for spinal cord injury related spasticity.","volume":"2","author":"Kirshblum","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"R9-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.5.1306","article-title":"Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of upper extremity spasticity: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"46","author":"Simpson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R10-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410280407","article-title":"Treatment of spasticity with botulinum toxin: a double-blind study.","volume":"28","author":"Snow","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"R11-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.64.3.419","article-title":"Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of upper limb spasticity among patients with traumatic brain injury.","volume":"64","author":"Pavesi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr"},{"key":"R12-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2006.21.2.2","article-title":"The use of botulinum toxin therapy for lower-extremity spasticity in children with cerebral palsy.","volume":"21","author":"Criswell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"R13-9-20210202","first-page":"21","article-title":"Treatment of detrusor sphincter dyssynergia with botulinum A toxin: a double-blind study.","volume":"71","author":"Dykstra","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R14-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf114","article-title":"Interlimb reflexes and synaptic plasticity become evident months after human spinal cord injury.","volume":"125","author":"Calancie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R15-9-20210202","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Clinicophysiologic concepts of spasticity and motor dysfunction in adults with an upper motoneuron lesion.","volume":"6","author":"Mayer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve Suppl"},{"key":"R16-9-20210202","first-page":"399","article-title":"Botulinum toxin A in the treatment of lower limb spasticity in hereditary spastic paraplegia.","volume":"10","author":"Bohlega","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"R17-9-20210202","first-page":"251","article-title":"Treatment of spastic paraparesis with botulinum toxin with reference to beneficial effects, disease severity and long-term treatment.","volume":"35","author":"Takenaga","year":"1995","journal-title":"Rinsho Shinkeigaku"},{"key":"R18-9-20210202","first-page":"385","article-title":"Motor recovery in the absence of segmental afferents: a case study of incomplete spinal cord injury.","volume":"27","author":"Little","year":"1989","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"R19-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(96)90014-3","article-title":"Clinical assessment of spasticity in spinal cord injury: a multidimensional problem.","volume":"77","author":"Priebe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R20-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2005000100006","article-title":"Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of the upper limb spasticity after stroke: a meta-analysis.","volume":"63","author":"Cardoso","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arq Neuro-Psiquiatr"},{"key":"R21-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.02.015","article-title":"Pooled analysis of the safety of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of post stroke spasticity","volume":"87","author":"Turkel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R22-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S125","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200211001-00003","article-title":"Botulinum toxin for pain management and other medical conditions: a comprehensive review.","volume":"18","author":"Arezzo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"R23-9-20210202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870090216","article-title":"Development of resistance to botulinum toxin type A in patients with torticollis.","volume":"9","author":"Greene","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mov Disord"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/PHM.0b013e318168ceaf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:15:21Z","timestamp":1786040121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00002060-200804000-00009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/phm.0b013e318168ceaf","relation":{},"ISSN":["0894-9115"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0894-9115","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]}}}