{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T11:59:22Z","timestamp":1787831962328,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychosom Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The pathways underlying the early life adversity and cardiovascular reactivity association remain unclear. The current study examined the role of current depressive symptoms on this relationship.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Mediation analyses were conducted using data from 639 participants drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States 2 Biomarker Project. Responses were derived from the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Participants had their systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) and heart rate monitored throughout a standardized stress testing protocol.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The association between early life adversity and reactivity was mediated by current depressive symptoms; all adversity factors were linked to higher levels of current depressive symptoms, which, in turn, were associated with lower cardiovascular reactivity. For emotional abuse, this was noted for SBP (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.06 [95% confidence interval {CI}, \u22120.13 to \u22120.01]) and DBP (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.04 [\u22120.07 to \u22120.01]), physical abuse (SBP: <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.05 [\u22120.11 to \u22120.01]; DBP: <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.03 [\u22120.06 to \u22120.01]), sexual abuse (SBP: <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.04 [\u22120.09 to \u22120.01]; DBP: <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.02 [\u22120.05 to \u22120.01]), emotional neglect (SBP: <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.04 [\u22120.09 to \u22120.01]; DBP: <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.02 [\u22120.05 to \u22120.01]), physical neglect (SBP: <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.09 [\u22120.17 to \u22120.02]; DBP: <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.05 [\u22120.09 to \u22120.02]), and total Childhood Trauma Questionnaire score (SBP: <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.02 [\u22120.03 to \u22120.00]; DBP: <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.01 [\u22120.02 to \u22120.00]).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The present findings extend research and demonstrate that depression is an underlying mechanism linking early life adversity and blunted cardiovascular reactivity.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/psy.0000000000001024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T01:59:16Z","timestamp":1634695156000},"page":"170-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Early Life Adversity and Blunted Cardiovascular Reactivity to Acute Psychological Stress: The Role of Current Depressive Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Tracey M.","family":"Keogh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siobh\u00e1n","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib3-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0b013e318239b924","article-title":"The evolution and refinement of traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease","volume":"20","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"bib4-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2018.02.009","article-title":"Evaluating personality as a moderator of the association between life events stress and cardiovascular reactivity to acute stress","volume":"126","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"key":"bib5-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-7-200910060-00010","article-title":"Emerging risk factors for coronary heart disease: a summary of systematic reviews conducted for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force","volume":"151","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"bib6-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.17.8.1490","article-title":"Hopelessness and 4-year progression of carotid atherosclerosis. 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