{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:44:53Z","timestamp":1787010293264,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increased knee osteoarthritis risk in patients with unilateral lower extremity limb loss is attributed to increased intact limb loading. Modulating powered ankle prosthesis push-off power may be an effective way to modulate intact limb loading. We examined how changes in the parameter settings of a commercial prosthetic ankle affect power delivery during push-off and the resulting collisional work experienced by the intact limb in persons with unilateral lower extremity limb loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five subjects with unilateral transtibial amputation were fitted with a commercially available powered ankle prosthesis (Ottobock Empower). Subjects walked on a treadmill in seven conditions, where ankle power delivery settings were adjusted using methods accessible to clinicians. Kinetics and kinematics data were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Standard adjustment of parameter settings within the prosthetic foot did not alter timing of peak prosthesis power or intact limb collisional work but did have a significant effect on the magnitude of positive prosthesis ankle work. Increased prosthesis work did not decrease intact limb collisional work as predicted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Altering the parameter settings on a commercial powered ankle prosthesis affected the magnitude, but not the timing, of power delivered. Increased prosthesis push-off power did not decrease intact limb loading.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/pxr.0000000000000036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T18:05:35Z","timestamp":1630519535000},"page":"410-416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Altering the tuning parameter settings of a commercial powered prosthetic foot to increase power during push-off may not reduce collisional work in the intact limb during gait"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Audra M.","family":"Davidson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6119-983X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. Lee","family":"Childers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Intrepid, San Antonio, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7987-6459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Hui","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"},{"name":"Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-73-7-344","article-title":"Contralateral lower extremity evaluation with a lower limb prosthesis","volume":"73","author":"Mussman","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Podiatry Assoc"},{"key":"R2-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2006.11.0147","article-title":"Review of secondary physical conditions associated with lower-limb amputation and long-term prosthesis use","volume":"45","author":"Gailey","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"R3-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.08.220","article-title":"The prevalence of osteoarthritis of the intact hip and knee among traumatic leg amputees","volume":"90","author":"Struyf","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R4-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03324607","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in older adults with symptomatic hip and knee osteoarthritis: a comparison with matched healthy controls","volume":"17","author":"Salaffi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"R5-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.11.005","article-title":"Estimating the prevalence of limb loss in the United States: 2005 to 2050","volume":"89","author":"Ziegler-Graham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehab"},{"key":"R6-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2014.2356722","article-title":"Mechanisms of gait asymmetry due to push-off deficiency in unilateral amputees","volume":"23","author":"Adamczyk","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"R7-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2668","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.027581","article-title":"Redirection of center-of-mass velocity during the step-to-step transition of human walking","volume":"212","author":"Adamczyk","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"R8-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(01)00169-5","article-title":"Simultaneous positive and negative external mechanical work in human walking","volume":"35","author":"Donelan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"R9-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1427703","article-title":"Energetics of actively powered locomotion using the simplest walking model","volume":"124","author":"Kuo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biomech Eng"},{"key":"R10-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198305000-00021","article-title":"Energy generation and absorption at the ankle and knee during fast, natural, and slow cadences","author":"Winter","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R11-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2017.01.012","article-title":"Two biomechanical strategies for locomotor adaptation to split-belt treadmill walking in subjects with and without transtibial amputation","volume":"53","author":"Selgrade","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"R12-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.147082","article-title":"Higher dynamic medial knee load predicts greater cartilage loss over 12 months in medial knee osteoarthritis","volume":"70","author":"Bennell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R13-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e81036","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081036","article-title":"Knee adduction moment and medial contact force\u2013facts about their correlation during gait","volume":"8","author":"Kutzner","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R14-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.07.001","article-title":"The effect of prosthetic foot push-off on mechanical loading associated with knee osteoarthritis in lower extremity amputees","volume":"34","author":"Morgenroth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"R15-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7213","DOI":"10.1038\/srep07213","article-title":"Prosthetic ankle push-off work reduces metabolic rate but not collision work in non-amputee walking","volume":"4","author":"Caputo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R16-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2016.09.015","article-title":"Increasing ankle push-off work with a powered prosthesis does not necessarily reduce metabolic rate for transtibial amputees","volume":"49","author":"Quesada","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"R17-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5354","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23705-8","article-title":"Increasing prosthetic foot energy return affects whole-body mechanics during walking on level ground and slopes","volume":"8","author":"Childers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R18-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2014.09.005","article-title":"Biomechanical risk factors for knee osteoarthritis when using passive and powered ankle-foot prostheses","volume":"29","author":"Russell Esposito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"key":"R19-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-10-49","article-title":"Effects of a powered ankle-foot prosthesis on kinetic loading of the unaffected leg during level-ground walking","volume":"10","author":"Grabowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neuroeng Rehabil"},{"key":"R20-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1998.85.2.764","article-title":"Force treadmill for measuring vertical and horizontal ground reaction forces","volume":"85","author":"Kram","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"R21-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2009.04.004","article-title":"A six degrees-of-freedom marker set for gait analysis: repeatability and comparison with a modified Helen Hayes set","volume":"30","author":"Collins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"R22-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69429","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069429","article-title":"Effects of a foot placement constraint on use of motor equivalence during human hopping","volume":"8","author":"Auyang","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R23-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-013-3708-9","article-title":"Humans robustly adhere to dynamic walking principles by harnessing motor abundance to control forces","volume":"231","author":"Toney","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"R24-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.08.017","article-title":"A unified deformable (UD) segment model for quantifying total power of anatomical and prosthetic below-knee structures during stance in gait","volume":"45","author":"Takahashi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"R25-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3717","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.205.23.3717","article-title":"Mechanical work for step-to-step transitions is a major determinant of the metabolic cost of human walking","volume":"205","author":"Donelan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"R26-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210ps15","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3007312","article-title":"Realizing the promise of robotic leg prostheses","volume":"5","author":"Goldfarb","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"R27-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3011","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-016-4703-8","article-title":"The motor and the brake of the trailing leg in human walking: leg force control through ankle modulation and knee covariance","volume":"234","author":"Toney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"R28-20250818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2014.10.0234","article-title":"Impact testing of the residual limb: system response to changes in prosthetic stiffness","volume":"53","author":"Boutwell","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"}],"container-title":["Prosthetics &amp; Orthotics International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/PXR.0000000000000036","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T20:00:38Z","timestamp":1755547238000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/PXR.0000000000000036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/pxr.0000000000000036","relation":{},"ISSN":["0309-3646","1746-1553"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0309-3646","type":"print"},{"value":"1746-1553","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-03-02","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-27","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}