{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T07:54:50Z","timestamp":1791186890971,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,12]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/qad.0b013e32830e0137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,27]],"date-time":"2008-08-27T03:08:33Z","timestamp":1219806513000},"page":"1841-1850","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Male circumcision for HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa: who, what and when?"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Richard G","family":"White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith R","family":"Glynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate K","family":"Orroth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther E","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roel","family":"Bakker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen A","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilani","family":"Kumaranayake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Dik F","family":"Habbema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Buv\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-19-20210130","first-page":"i5","article-title":"Understanding differences across the contrasting epidemics in East and West Africa: results from a simulation model of the Four Cities Study","volume":"83","author":"Orroth","year":"2007","journal-title":"STI"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"R2-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S127","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200108004-00014","article-title":"The multicentre study on factors determining the differential spread of HIV in four African cities: summary and conclusions","volume":"15","author":"Buve","year":"2001","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"R3-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/19.3.693","article-title":"Geographical patterns of male circumcision practices in Africa: association with HIV seroprevalence","volume":"19","author":"Moses","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R4-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200010200-00018","article-title":"Male circumcision and risk of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Weiss","year":"2000","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"R5-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e298","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0020298","article-title":"Randomized, controlled intervention trial of male circumcision for reduction of HIV infection risk: the ANRS 1265 Trial","volume":"2","author":"Auvert","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R6-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60312-2","article-title":"Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"369","author":"Bailey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R7-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60313-4","article-title":"Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda: a randomised trial","volume":"369","author":"Gray","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R10-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200010200-00019","article-title":"Male circumcision and HIV acquisition and transmission: cohort studies in Rakai, Uganda. Rakai Project Team","volume":"14","author":"Gray","year":"2000","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"R12-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000242455.05274.20","article-title":"Male circumcision in Siaya and Bondo Districts, Kenya: prospective cohort study to assess behavioral disinhibition following circumcision","volume":"44","author":"Agot","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"R13-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(07)29310-3","article-title":"Roundtable: male circumcision, in so many words","volume":"15","author":"Gruskin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"key":"R14-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e262","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030262","article-title":"The potential impact of male circumcision on HIV in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"3","author":"Williams","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R16-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1080\/08898480009525479","article-title":"HIV spread and partnership reduction for different patterns of sexual behaviour: a study with the microsimulation model STDSIM","volume":"8","author":"Korenromp","year":"2000","journal-title":"Math Popul Studies"},{"key":"R17-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200003310-00013","article-title":"Model-based evaluation of single-round mass STD treatment for HIV control in a rural African population","volume":"14","author":"Korenromp","year":"2000","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"R18-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318160d56a","article-title":"Treating curable sexually transmitted infections to prevent HIV in Africa: still an effective control strategy?","volume":"47","author":"White","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"R19-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268807008758","article-title":"Behaviour change and competitive exclusion can explain the diverging HIV-1 and HIV-2 prevalence trends in Guinea-Bissau","volume":"136","author":"Schmidt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"R20-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000127062.94627.31","article-title":"Can population differences explain the contrasting results of the Mwanza, Rakai, and Masaka HIV\/sexually transmitted disease intervention trials?: a modeling study","volume":"37","author":"White","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"R21-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S168","DOI":"10.1086\/425274","article-title":"Determinants of the impact of sexually transmitted infection treatment on prevention of HIV infection: a synthesis of evidence from the Mwanza, Rakai, and Masaka Intervention Trials","volume":"191","author":"Korenromp","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R22-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000204667.11192.71","article-title":"Empirical observations underestimate the proportion of human immunodeficiency virus infections attributable to sexually transmitted diseases in the Mwanza and Rakai sexually transmitted disease treatment trials: simulation results","volume":"33","author":"Orroth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"R23-19-20210130","first-page":"i17","article-title":"The proportion of new HIV infections attributable to HSV-2 increases over time: simulations of the changing role of sexually transmitted infections in sub-Saharan African HIV epidemics","volume":"83","author":"Freeman","year":"2007","journal-title":"STI"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"R25-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S55","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000299411.75269.e8","article-title":"Time from HIV seroconversion to death: a collaborative analysis of eight studies in six low and middle-income countries before highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"21","author":"Todd","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"R26-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200108004-00008","article-title":"Condom use and its association with HIV\/sexually transmitted diseases in four urban communities of sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"15","author":"Lagarde","year":"2001","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"R27-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200110000-00005","article-title":"A systematic review of the epidemiologic interactions between classic sexually transmitted diseases and HIV: how much really is known?","volume":"28","author":"Rottingen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"R28-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(07)29306-1","article-title":"Roundtable: sexually transmitted infection management, safer sex promotion and voluntary HIV counselling and testing in the male circumcision trial, Rakai, Uganda","volume":"15","author":"Matovu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"key":"R29-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(07)29311-5","article-title":"Roundtable: male circumcision: implications for women as sexual partners and parents","volume":"15","author":"Hankins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"key":"R32-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e517","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030517","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of male circumcision for HIV prevention in a South African setting","volume":"3","author":"Kahn","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R33-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05810.x","article-title":"Adult male circumcision: results of a standardized procedure in Kisumu District, Kenya","volume":"96","author":"Krieger","year":"2005","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"R34-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3280187544","article-title":"The impact of male circumcision on HIV incidence and cost per infection prevented: a stochastic simulation model from Rakai, Uganda","volume":"21","author":"Gray","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"R35-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)61674-4","article-title":"Postneonatal circumcision with local anesthesia: a cost-effective alternative","volume":"161","author":"Jayanthi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R36-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)00399-X","article-title":"Cost analysis of neonatal circumcision in a large health maintenance organization","volume":"175","author":"Schoen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R37-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1121176","article-title":"The global impact of scaling up HIV\/AIDS prevention programs in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"311","author":"Stover","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R38-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-006-9169-4","article-title":"Acceptability of male circumcision for prevention of HIV\/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa: a review","volume":"11","author":"Westercamp","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"R39-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200108004-00002","article-title":"Multicentre study on factors determining differences in rate of spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: methods and prevalence of HIV infection","volume":"15","author":"Buv\u00e9","year":"2001","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"R41-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-7-16","article-title":"Modelling the public health impact of male circumcision for HIV prevention in high prevalence areas in Africa","volume":"7","author":"Nagelkerke","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R42-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2003.12.010","article-title":"Estimating resource needs for HIV\/AIDS healthcare services in low-income and middle-income countries","volume":"69","author":"Bertozzi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"R44-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-7622-3-19","article-title":"The role of sexually transmitted infections in male circumcision effectiveness against HIV \u2013 insights from clinical trial simulation","volume":"3","author":"Desai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg Themes Epidemiol"},{"key":"R45-19-20210130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2212","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002212","article-title":"Understanding the impact of male circumcision interventions on the spread of HIV in Southern Africa","volume":"3","author":"Hallett","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00002030-200809120-00019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T17:01:37Z","timestamp":1786035697000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00002030-200809120-00019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,12]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/qad.0b013e32830e0137","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-9370"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-9370","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,12]]}}}