{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T14:22:40Z","timestamp":1791901360574,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0b013e318175f451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,5]],"date-time":"2009-03-05T20:54:41Z","timestamp":1236286481000},"page":"960-969","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Management of Difficult Pediatric Facial Burns"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Brent","family":"Egeland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunita","family":"More","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven R.","family":"Buchman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul S.","family":"Cederna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R3-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199301000-00002","article-title":"Management of the pediatric patient with burns.","volume":"14","author":"Herndon","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R4-19-20210208","first-page":"4","article-title":"Hospitalizations for injury: United States, 1996. NCHS-Vital and Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.","volume":"218","author":"Hall","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adv Data"},{"key":"R6-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200203080-00003","article-title":"Topical treatment of pediatric patients with burns: a practical guide.","volume":"3","author":"Palmieri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"R7-19-20210208","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deaths: final data for 1997.","volume":"47","author":"System","year":"1999","journal-title":"Center for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"key":"R8-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2004.04.004","article-title":"Pediatric electrical injuries: a review of 38 consecutive patients.","volume":"39","author":"Celik","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R9-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46e","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000227620.31296.2c","article-title":"Burn injuries inflicted on children or the elderly: a framework for clinical and forensic assessment.","volume":"118","author":"Greenbaum","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R10-19-20210208","first-page":"574","article-title":"Child abuse by scalding.","volume":"81","author":"Renz","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Ga"},{"key":"R11-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BCR.0000085879.21229.B9","article-title":"Outcomes related to burn-related child abuse: a case series.","volume":"24","author":"Ruth","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R13-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01076929","article-title":"The cornerstones and directions of pediatric burn care.","volume":"12","author":"Wolf","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"R14-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(05)80322-7","article-title":"Mortality and respiratory failure in a pediatric burn population.","volume":"28","author":"Reynolds","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R15-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01076930","article-title":"Post-burn reconstruction during growth and development.","volume":"12","author":"Germann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"R16-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-6465(22)02189-2","article-title":"Management of the pediatric burn patient.","volume":"32","author":"Cortiella","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nurs Clin North Am"},{"key":"R20-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199403000-00011","article-title":"Visible scars and self-esteem in pediatric patients with burns.","volume":"15","author":"Abdullah","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R21-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199201000-00007","article-title":"Burns are different: the child psychiatrist on the pediatric burns ward.","volume":"13","author":"Adler","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R22-19-20210208","first-page":"303","article-title":"Impact of facial burns on the family.","volume":"21","author":"Adriaenssens","year":"1987","journal-title":"Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg"},{"key":"R23-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199311000-00015","article-title":"Psychosocial sequelae of pediatric burns involving 80% or greater total body surface area.","volume":"14","author":"Blakeney","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R25-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-200105000-00016","article-title":"A developmental perspective on psychological principles of burn care.","volume":"22","author":"Dise-Lewis","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R29-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.135.8.979","article-title":"The social fate of children disfigured by burns.","volume":"135","author":"Molinaro","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R30-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BCR.0000245477.10083.BC","article-title":"Quality of life of young adults who survived pediatric burns.","volume":"27","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"R31-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.1.69","article-title":"Long-term outcome of children surviving massive burns.","volume":"283","author":"Sheridan","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R32-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199905000-00016","article-title":"Skeletal and dental disturbances in children after facial burns and pressure garment use: a 4-year follow-up.","volume":"20","author":"Fricke","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R33-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199920060-00010","article-title":"Infestations and chronic infections in foreign pediatric patients with burns: is there a role for specific protocols?","volume":"20","author":"Barret","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R34-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000041445.76730.23","article-title":"Effects of burn wound excision on bacterial colonization and invasion.","volume":"111","author":"Barret","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R35-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199512000-00010","article-title":"Aesthetic restoration of the severely disfigured face in burn victims: a comprehensive strategy.","volume":"96","author":"Rose","year":"1995","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R36-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199904010-00006","article-title":"Outcome of scalp donor sites in 450 consecutive pediatric burn patients.","volume":"103","author":"Barret","year":"1999","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R37-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199005000-00009","article-title":"The scalp as a donor site: revisited.","volume":"30","author":"Brou","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R38-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199811000-00009","article-title":"Scalp autografts and hair transfer to the face in the burned child.","volume":"102","author":"MacLennan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R39-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200204010-00009","article-title":"Early excision and grafting of face and neck burns in patients over 20 years.","volume":"109","author":"Cole","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R41-19-20210208","first-page":"449","article-title":"Effects of early tangential excision and grafting on survival after burn injury.","volume":"173","author":"Cryer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"R42-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-4179(85)90036-1","article-title":"A policy of early excision and grafting in elderly burn patients shortens the hospital stay and improves survival.","volume":"12","author":"Deitch","year":"1985","journal-title":"Burns Incl Therm Inj"},{"key":"R43-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198311000-00007","article-title":"Early excision and grafting vs. nonoperative treatment of burns of indeterminant depth: a randomized prospective study.","volume":"23","author":"Engrav","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R44-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198905000-00006","article-title":"A comparison of conservative versus early excision. Therapies in severely burned patients.","volume":"209","author":"Herndon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"R45-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(85)80039-7","article-title":"Early excision of major burns in children: effect on morbidity and mortality.","volume":"20","author":"Pietsch","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R46-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199606000-00005","article-title":"Decreasing length of hospital stay by early excision and grafting of burns.","volume":"89","author":"Still","year":"1996","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"R47-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198609000-00006","article-title":"Prompt eschar excision: a treatment system contributing to reduced burn mortality. A statistical evaluation of burn care at the Massachusetts General Hospital (1974-1984).","volume":"204","author":"Tompkins","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"R48-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.137.9.1049","article-title":"Effects of delayed wound excision and grafting in severely burned children.","volume":"137","author":"Xiao-Wu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"R49-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199809020-00013","article-title":"Early excision and grafting versus conservative management of burns in the elderly.","volume":"102","author":"Kirn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R50-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198703000-00044","article-title":"Regional aesthetic units of the face.","volume":"79","author":"Gonzalez-Ulloa","year":"1987","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R51-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-4179(83)90039-6","article-title":"Silicone gel: a new treatment for burn scars and contractures.","volume":"9","author":"Perkins","year":"1983","journal-title":"Burns Incl Therm Inj"},{"key":"R52-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199301000-00011","article-title":"Tissue expansion in pediatric burn reconstruction.","volume":"14","author":"Agustin","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R53-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(91)90417-R","article-title":"Applications and complications of tissue expansion in pediatric patients.","volume":"26","author":"Elias","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R54-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-198709000-00013","article-title":"Partial excision of residual burn lesions.","volume":"8","author":"Engrav","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R55-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198704000-00002","article-title":"Tissue expansion techniques in burn reconstruction.","volume":"18","author":"Hallock","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"R56-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-200045060-00003","article-title":"The use of serial tissue expansion in pediatric plastic surgery.","volume":"45","author":"Hudson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"R57-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2005.04.006","article-title":"Pediatric cervicofacial tissue expansion.","volume":"69","author":"Hurvitz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"R58-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199301000-00012","article-title":"The relative risk of tissue expansion in the pediatric patient with burns.","volume":"14","author":"Iconomou","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R59-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)31523-6","article-title":"Burn management: the role of tissue expansion.","volume":"14","author":"Marks","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"R60-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199304000-00009","article-title":"Tissue expanders in the lower face and anterior neck in pediatric burn patients: limitations and pitfalls.","volume":"91","author":"Neale","year":"1993","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R61-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199809020-00012","article-title":"Tissue expander complications in the pediatric burn patient.","volume":"102","author":"Pisarski","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R62-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2004.08.001","article-title":"Tissue expansion in pediatric patients.","volume":"32","author":"Rivera","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"R63-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-0949(97)80009-1","article-title":"Face burns: acute care and reconstruction.","volume":"4","author":"Engrav","year":"1997","journal-title":"Op Tech Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R64-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200008000-00033","article-title":"The evaluation and management of lower eyelid retraction following cosmetic surgery.","volume":"106","author":"Patipa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R65-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2358","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1979.01020020574016","article-title":"Reconstruction by myocutaneous eyelid flaps.","volume":"97","author":"Anderson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R66-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-199006000-00007","article-title":"Bipedicle myocutaneous flap repair of cicatricial ectropion.","volume":"6","author":"Levin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R67-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-200044030-00013","article-title":"Supratrochlear artery flap for the repair of lower eyelid defects.","volume":"44","author":"Duman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"R68-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-200106000-00009","article-title":"Using lower eyelid fascial slings for recalcitrant burn ectropion.","volume":"46","author":"Torre","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"R69-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1054\/bjps.1999.3288","article-title":"Correction of the epicanthal fold using the VM-plasty.","volume":"53","author":"Lin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"R72-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197504000-00004","article-title":"Electrical burns of the mouth in children; a method for assessing results.","volume":"15","author":"Orgel","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R73-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198002000-00008","article-title":"Early definitive treatment of electric burns of the mouth.","volume":"65","author":"Ortiz-Monasterio","year":"1980","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R74-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-2092(07)64549-9","article-title":"Early surgery for electrical mouth burns.","volume":"23","author":"Small","year":"1976","journal-title":"AORN J"},{"key":"R75-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)31620-5","article-title":"Nonsurgical management of burns to the lips and commissures.","volume":"13","author":"Silverglade","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"R77-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-196944050-00011","article-title":"Electrical burns of lips and mouth in infants and children.","volume":"44","author":"Pitts","year":"1969","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R80-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199407000-00008","article-title":"Evaluation of treatment modalities in perioral electrical burns.","volume":"15","author":"Barone","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R81-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-198807000-00015","article-title":"Appliance therapy for perioral electrical burns: a conservative approach.","volume":"9","author":"Sadove","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R82-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BCR.0000095517.97355.98","article-title":"A thirty-year review of oral appliances used to manage microstomia, 1972 to 2002.","volume":"24","author":"Dougherty","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R83-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)31742-9","article-title":"Oral splint therapy to manage electrical burns of the mouth in children.","volume":"11","author":"Czerepak","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"R84-19-20210208","first-page":"47","article-title":"Extraoral management for electrical burns of the mouth.","volume":"51","author":"Josell","year":"1984","journal-title":"ASDC J Dent Child"},{"key":"R85-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199506000-00003","article-title":"Reconstruction of electrical burns of the oral commissure with a ventral tongue flap.","volume":"95","author":"Donelan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R86-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199001000-00011","article-title":"Reconstruction of the oral commissure after an electrical burn.","volume":"11","author":"Pensler","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"R88-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198010000-00001","article-title":"Electrical burns of the oral commissure: treatment results and principles of reconstruction.","volume":"5","author":"Su","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"R89-19-20210208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199903000-00006","article-title":"Flap prefabrication in the head and neck: a 10-year experience.","volume":"103","author":"Pribaz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Craniofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00001665-200807000-00019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]],"date-time":"2024-03-11T03:39:54Z","timestamp":1710128394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00001665-200807000-00019"}},"subtitle":["Reconstruction of Burn-Related Lower Eyelid Ectropion and Perioral Contractures"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/scs.0b013e318175f451","relation":{},"ISSN":["1049-2275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1049-2275","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]}}}