{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:20:59Z","timestamp":1786119659883,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/ta.0b013e3181f8aa91","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,10]],"date-time":"2011-02-10T02:09:08Z","timestamp":1297303748000},"page":"299-309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Occupant and Crash Characteristics for Case Occupants With Cervical Spine Injuries Sustained in Motor Vehicle Collisions"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Deborah M.","family":"Stein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Kufera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiu M.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel E.","family":"Ryb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia C.","family":"Dischinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James V.","family":"O'Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Scalea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90252-6","article-title":"Recent trends in mortality and causes of death among persons with spinal cord injury.","volume":"80","author":"DeVivo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R3-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90251-4","article-title":"Long-term medical complications after traumatic spinal cord injury: a regional model systems analysis.","volume":"80","author":"McKinley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R4-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.1.226","article-title":"Life expectancy on ventilator-dependent persons with spinal cord injury.","volume":"108","author":"DeVivo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"R5-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(94)00059-U","article-title":"Risk factors and mechanisms of occurrence in motor vehicle-related spinal cord injuries: Utah.","volume":"27","author":"Thurman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"R6-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199504000-00001","article-title":"Driver fatalities in 1985\u20131993 cars with airbags.","volume":"38","author":"Lund","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R7-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.83.5.661","article-title":"Automobile driver fatalities in frontal impacts: air bags compared with manual belts.","volume":"83","author":"Zador","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"R8-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198707000-00009","article-title":"Fatality risk reduction from safety belt use.","volume":"27","author":"Evans","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R9-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3598","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03410240068034","article-title":"Prospective study of the effect of safety belts on the morbidity and health care costs in motor-vehicle accidents.","volume":"260","author":"Orsay","year":"1988","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R10-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7346.1119","article-title":"Association of driver air bags with driver fatality: a matched cohort study.","volume":"324","author":"Cummings","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R11-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2001.116150","article-title":"Distributions and patterns of blunt traumatic cervical spine injury.","volume":"38","author":"Goldberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R12-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200111000-00024","article-title":"Factors influencing the patterns of injuries and outcomes in car versus car crashes compared to sport utility, van, or pick-up truck versus car crashes: Crash Injury Research Engineering Network Study.","volume":"51","author":"Siegel","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R13-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.04.035","article-title":"A demographic profile of traumatic spinal cord injuries: change and sustainability over 30 years.","volume":"85","author":"Jackson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R14-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100878","article-title":"Characteristics of injuries to the cervical spine and spinal cord in a polytrauma patient population: experience from a regional trauma unit.","volume":"37","author":"Prasad","year":"1999","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"R15-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318166e06d","article-title":"Cervical spine injuries associated with the incorrect use in airbags in motor vehicle collisions.","volume":"33","author":"Donaldson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R16-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000102491.46568.B3","article-title":"Cervical spine injury and restraint system use in motor vehicle collisions.","volume":"29","author":"Claytor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R17-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1754-9493-3-5","article-title":"Deceleration during \u2018real life\u2019 motor vehicle collisions\u2014a sensitive predictor to the risk of sustaining a cervical spine injury?","volume":"3","author":"Elbel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Patient Saf Surg"},{"key":"R18-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000171534.75347.52","article-title":"Spine and spinal cord injury in motor vehicle crashes: a function of change in velocity and energy dissipation on impact with respect to the direction of crash.","volume":"59","author":"Smith","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R19-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2006.04.013","article-title":"Relative risk of spinal cord injury in road crashes involving seriously injured occupants of light passenger vehicles.","volume":"38","author":"O'Connor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Accident Anal Prev"},{"key":"R20-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580600660641","article-title":"Motor vehicle restraint system use and risk of spine injury.","volume":"7","author":"Reed","year":"2006","journal-title":"Traffic Inj Prev"},{"key":"R21-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.3171\/SPI.2008.10.08279","article-title":"The continued burden of spine fractures after motor vehicle crashes.","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"R22-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1017\/S1481803500010873","article-title":"Association of injury mechanism with the risk of cervical spine fractures.","volume":"11","author":"Thompson","year":"2009","journal-title":"CJEM"},{"key":"R23-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(01)00036-7","article-title":"Incidence and patterns of spinal cord injury in Australia.","volume":"34","author":"O'Connor","year":"2002","journal-title":"Accident Anal Prev"},{"key":"R25-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.09.019","article-title":"Appropriate analysis of CIREN data: using NASS-CDS to reduce bias in estimation of injury factors in passenger vehicle crashes.","volume":"42","author":"Elliott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"R27-6-20210211","first-page":"227","article-title":"Ageing is not a risk factor for femoral and tibial fractures in motor vehicle crashes.","volume":"52","author":"Ryb","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med"},{"key":"R28-6-20210211","first-page":"1091","article-title":"Crash and occupant predictors of pulmonary contusion.","volume":"66","author":"O'Connor","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R31-6-20210211","first-page":"859","article-title":"Incidence and characteristics of motor vehicle collision-related blunt thoracic aortic injury according to age.","volume":"52","author":"McGwin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R33-6-20210211","article-title":"Resources for the Optimal Care of the Injured Patient: 2006.","year":"2006"},{"key":"R34-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580903081065","article-title":"Comparison of distributions of key predictor variables in CIREN and NASS-CDS cases meeting CIREN inclusion criteria.","volume":"10","author":"Flannagan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Traffic Inj Prev"},{"key":"R35-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E16","DOI":"10.3171\/FOC.2008.25.11.E16","article-title":"Traumatic spine injuries in the geriatric population.","volume":"25","author":"Jarbbour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"R36-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.3171\/SPI-07\/09\/277","article-title":"Mortality rates in geriatric patients with spinal cord injuries.","volume":"7","author":"Fassett","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"R37-6-20210211","first-page":"311","article-title":"Isolated cervical spine fractures in the elderly: a deadly injury.","volume":"64","author":"Golob","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R38-6-20210211","first-page":"936","article-title":"Epidemiology and clinical outcomes of acute spine trauma and spinal cord injury: experience from a specialized spine trauma center in Canada in comparison with a large national registry.","volume":"67","author":"Kattail","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R39-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03013253","article-title":"Predictors of hospital mortality and mechanical ventilation in patients with cervical spinal cord injury.","volume":"45","author":"Claxton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"R40-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.138.10.1127","article-title":"Cervical spinal cord injury and the need for cardiovascular intervention.","volume":"138","author":"Bilello","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"R41-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E16","DOI":"10.3171\/FOC.2008.25.11.E16","article-title":"Traumatic spine injuries in the geriatric population.","volume":"25","author":"Jarbbour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"R42-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(93)90037-W","article-title":"A review of cervical fractures and fracture-dislocations without head impacts sustained by restrained occupants.","volume":"25","author":"Huelke","year":"1993","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"R43-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199504000-00014","article-title":"Vertebral column injuries and lap-shoulder belts.","volume":"38","author":"Huelke","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R44-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02104440","article-title":"Causes and control of spinal cord injury in automotive crashes.","volume":"16","author":"Viano","year":"1992","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"R45-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199312000-00006","article-title":"Patterns of fracture after air bag deployment.","volume":"35","author":"Blacksin","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R46-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1999.tb00439.x","article-title":"A retrospective review of air bag deaths.","volume":"6","author":"McKay","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"R47-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(98)70169-6","article-title":"Patterns of injury in belted and unbelted individuals presenting to a trauma center after motor vehicle crash: Seat belt syndrome revisited.","volume":"32","author":"Porter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R48-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199311000-00024","article-title":"Neck injuries among belted and unbelted occupants of the front seat of cars.","volume":"35","author":"Bourbeau","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R49-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(05)82040-2","article-title":"Prospective study of the effect of safety belts in motor vehicle crashes.","volume":"19","author":"Orsay","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R50-6-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199708000-00008","article-title":"Seat-belt use and relation to neurologic injury in motor vehicle crashes.","volume":"10","author":"Sasso","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord"}],"container-title":["Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection & Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181f8aa91","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:51:25Z","timestamp":1786042285000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00005373-201102000-00006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ta.0b013e3181f8aa91","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]}}}