{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T21:13:42Z","timestamp":1780089222000,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background.<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a serious complication of liver cirrhosis with poor survival in the absence of liver transplantation (LT). HRS represents a state of profound circulatory and cardiac dysfunction. Whether it increases risk of perioperative major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) following LT remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We performed a retrospective cohort study of 560 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac workup for LT of whom 319 proceeded to LT. All patients underwent standardized assessment including dobutamine stress echocardiography. HRS was defined according to International Club of Ascites criteria.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Primary outcome of 30-day MACE occurred in 74 (23.2%) patients. A significantly higher proportion of patients with HRS experienced MACE (31 [41.9%] versus 54 [22.0%]; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). After adjusting for age, model for end-stage liver disease score, cardiovascular risk index, history of coronary artery disease, and a positive stress test, HRS remained an independent predictor for MACE (odds ratio [OR], 2.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-5.78). Other independent predictors included poor functional status (OR, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.41-8.13), pulmonary hypertension (OR, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.17-5.56), and beta-blocker use (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.10-6.48). Occurrence of perioperative MACE was associated with a trend toward poor age-adjusted survival over 3.6-year follow-up (hazard ratio, 2.0; 95% CI, 0.98-4.10; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.057).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>HRS, beta-blocker use, pulmonary hypertension, and poor functional status were all associated with over a 2-fold higher risk of MACE following LT. Whether inclusion of these variables in routine preoperative assessment can facilitate cardiac risk stratification warrants further study.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/tp.0000000000003306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]],"date-time":"2020-05-15T08:24:09Z","timestamp":1589531049000},"page":"593-601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Prediction of Perioperative Cardiovascular Events in Liver Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Anoop N.","family":"Koshy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."},{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Farouque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."},{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Cailes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jefferson","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Chen","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."},{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Testro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew W.","family":"Teh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."},{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han S.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."},{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Gow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia."},{"name":"Victorian Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.23950","article-title":"High early cardiovascular mortality after liver transplantation.","volume":"20","author":"VanWagner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R2-20250604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000001710","article-title":"Incidence of and risk assessment for adverse cardiovascular outcomes after liver transplantation: a systematic 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