{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:16:09Z","timestamp":1786119369572,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,27]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/tp.0b013e3181b9d0da","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,22]],"date-time":"2009-10-22T03:28:00Z","timestamp":1256182080000},"page":"1010-1018","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prospective Observational Study of Sirolimus as Primary Immunosuppression After Renal Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Pescovitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nosratollah","family":"Nezakatgoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc I.","family":"Lorber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bjorn","family":"Nashan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helio","family":"Tedesco-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertram L.","family":"Kasiske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico J. Juarez","family":"de la Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graeme","family":"Russ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Campistol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul A.","family":"Keown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200767030-00004","article-title":"Use of sirolimus in solid organ transplantation.","volume":"67","author":"Augustine","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"R2-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2001.24645","article-title":"mTOR inhibitors: An overview.","volume":"7","author":"Neuhaus","year":"2001","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R3-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2004.09.009","article-title":"Rapamycin: An anti-cancer immunosuppressant?","volume":"56","author":"Law","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"R4-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02480-6","article-title":"Efficacy of sirolimus compared with azathioprine for reduction of acute renal allograft rejection: A randomised multicentre study.","volume":"356","author":"Kahan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R5-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200101270-00019","article-title":"A worldwide, phase III, randomized, controlled, safety and efficacy study of a sirolimus\/cyclosporine regimen for prevention of acute rejection in recipients of primary mismatched renal allografts.","volume":"71","author":"MacDonald","year":"2001","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R6-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000101290.20629.DC","article-title":"A randomized long-term trial of tacrolimus and sirolimus versus tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine (NEORAL) and sirolimus in renal transplantation. I. Drug interactions and rejection at one year.","volume":"77","author":"Ciancio","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R7-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000062837.99400.60","article-title":"Randomized trial of tacrolimus in combination with sirolimus or mycophenolate mofetil in kidney transplantation: Results at 6 months.","volume":"75","author":"Gonwa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R8-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000167757.63922.42","article-title":"A prospective, randomized trial of tacrolimus in combination with sirolimus or mycophenolate mofetil in kidney transplantation: Results at 1 year.","volume":"80","author":"Mendez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R9-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000101495.22734.07","article-title":"A randomized long-term trial of tacrolimus\/sirolimus versus tacrolimus\/mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine (NEORAL)\/sirolimus in renal transplantation. II. Survival, function, and protocol compliance at 1 year.","volume":"77","author":"Ciancio","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R10-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2001.116309","article-title":"Median effect analysis of efficacy versus adverse effects of immunosuppressants.","volume":"70","author":"Kahan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"R11-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2.11.1903","article-title":"Sirolimus: A comprehensive review.","volume":"2","author":"Kahan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"R12-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001644","article-title":"The place of sirolimus in kidney transplantation: Can we reduce calcineurin inhibitor renal toxicity?","volume":"70","author":"Knight","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R13-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.00931.x","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibitor withdrawal from sirolimus-based therapy in kidney transplantation: A systematic review of randomized trials.","volume":"5","author":"Mulay","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R14-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000219703.39149.85","article-title":"Target of rapamycin inhibitors (sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression of kidney transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.","volume":"81","author":"Webster","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R15-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000237101.58974.43","article-title":"Conversion from calcineurin inhibitors to sirolimus for chronic renal allograft dysfunction: A systematic review of the evidence.","volume":"82","author":"Mulay","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R16-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200210270-00002","article-title":"Kidney transplantation without calcineurin inhibitor drugs: A prospective, randomized trial of sirolimus versus cyclosporine.","volume":"74","author":"Flechner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R17-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199904150-00017","article-title":"Sirolimus (rapamycin)-based therapy in human renal transplantation: Similar efficacy and different toxicity compared with cyclosporine.","volume":"67","author":"Groth","year":"1999","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R18-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200004150-00009","article-title":"Sirolimus in association with mycophenolate mofetil induction for the prevention of acute graft rejection in renal allograft recipients.","volume":"69","author":"Kreis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"R19-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125S","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(03)00226-4","article-title":"Kidney transplantation without calcineurin inhibitors using sirolimus.","volume":"35","author":"Stegall","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R20-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(00)02421-0","article-title":"A single-center open label randomized trial of the safety and efficacy of the use of sirolimus versus azathioprine in one-haplotype living related kidney transplant recipients-preliminary results.","volume":"33","author":"Machado","year":"2001","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R21-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-200624110-00005","article-title":"Pharmacoeconomics and pharmacoepidemiology: Curious bedfellows or a match made in heaven?","volume":"24","author":"Briggs","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"R22-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1398","article-title":"The role of academia and the research community in assisting the food and drug administration to ensure U.S. drug safety.","volume":"16","author":"Lo Re","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"R23-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.24.11.964.36143","article-title":"Pharmacoepidemiology I: A review of pharmacoepidemiologic study designs.","volume":"24","author":"Etminan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"R24-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2006.pto_368.x","article-title":"Use of health care databases in pharmacoepidemiology.","volume":"98","author":"Hennessy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"R25-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200006223422506","article-title":"A comparison of observational studies and randomized, controlled trials.","volume":"342","author":"Benson","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R26-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200006223422507","article-title":"Randomized, controlled trials, observational studies, and the hierarchy of research designs.","volume":"342","author":"Concato","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R27-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnur.2005.10.002","article-title":"Longitudinal observational studies to study the efficacy-effectiveness gap in drug therapy: Application to mild and moderate dementia.","volume":"41","author":"MacDonald","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nurs Clin North Am"},{"issue":"suppl 9","key":"R28-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6135.2004.00397.x","article-title":"Immunosuppression: Practice and trends.","volume":"4","author":"Kaufman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R29-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.01177.x","article-title":"Complete avoidance of calcineurin inhibitors in renal transplantation: A randomized trial comparing sirolimus and tacrolimus.","volume":"6","author":"Larson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"R30-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i12","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfg1029","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus-based combination therapies.","volume":"18","author":"Undre","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"R31-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2006.04.006","article-title":"Co-administration of sirolimus alters tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in a dose-dependent manner in adult renal transplant recipients.","volume":"54","author":"Baldan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"R32-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.01019.x","article-title":"Sirolimus in combination with tacrolimus is associated with worse renal allograft survival compared to mycophenolate mofetil combined with tacrolimus.","volume":"5","author":"Meier-Kriesche","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R33-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00624.x","article-title":"Sirolimus with neoral versus mycophenolate mofetil with neoral is associated with decreased renal allograft survival.","volume":"4","author":"Meier-Kriesche","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R34-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1600-6143.2003.00372.x","article-title":"New onset diabetes mellitus in patients receiving calcineurin inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"4","author":"Heisel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R35-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2005.00493.x","article-title":"Sirolimus: Its role in nephrology.","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"},{"key":"R36-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000203894.53714.27","article-title":"A randomized long-term trial of tacrolimus\/sirolimus versus tacrolimums\/mycophenolate versus cyclosporine\/sirolimus in renal transplantation: Three-year analysis.","volume":"81","author":"Ciancio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R37-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.07402.x","article-title":"Role of observational studies versus clinical trials in ESRD research.","volume":"57","author":"Port","year":"2000","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R38-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1159\/000014455","article-title":"Are observational studies \u2018just as effective\u2019 as randomized clinical trials?","volume":"18","author":"Greene","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"R39-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.017269","article-title":"Interpretation of observational studies.","volume":"90","author":"Jepsen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"R40-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000113248.59077.76","article-title":"Long-term benefits with sirolimus-based therapy after early cyclosporine withdrawal.","volume":"15","author":"Kreis","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"R41-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.2004.00052.x","article-title":"Early cyclosporine withdrawal from a sirolimus-based regimen results in better renal allograft survival and renal function at 48 months after transplantation.","volume":"18","author":"Oberbauer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"R42-11-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2004.12.132","article-title":"Addition of sirolimus to cyclosporine in long-term kidney transplant recipients to withdraw steroid.","volume":"37","author":"Citterio","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"}],"container-title":["Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00007890-200910270-00011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:04:55Z","timestamp":1786039495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00007890-200910270-00011"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,27]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/tp.0b013e3181b9d0da","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1337"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1337","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,27]]}}}