{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T20:30:01Z","timestamp":1793651401429,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"DFG","award":["INST 256\/567-1 FUGG"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INST 256\/567-1 FUGG"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Protein-based respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prefusion F (RSVpreF) vaccines show promising immunogenicity in immunocompromised individuals. We have recently shown that RSV-specific CD4 T-cell responses and IgG antibodies were significantly induced, but data on functional humoral responses as well as associations between cellular and humoral immunological endpoints remain limited. We therefore extended our previous studies and performed a head-to-head assessment of vaccine-specific RSVpreF IgG and neutralizing antibody activity across different immunocompromised populations, including kidney and lung transplant recipients, patients on hemodialysis, and patients with CKD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conformation-specific RSVpreF-specific IgG levels and RSV-neutralizing plasma activity were assessed before and 13\u201318 d after RSV vaccination in 61 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), 15 patients receiving hemodialysis, 46 kidney transplant (KTx) recipients, and 31 lung transplant (LuTx) recipients. RSVpreF-specific IgG was measured by ELISA and neutralizing activity using an RSV-pseudovirus assay. Furthermore, comprehensive correlation analyses were carried out to assess associations between vaccine-induced humoral immune parameters and cellular immunity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vaccination significantly increased RSVpreF-specific IgG (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2264 0.0001) and neutralizing activity in all groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002 to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001). Median fold increases in IgG were highest in patients with CKD (11.9-fold), followed by patients on hemodialysis (7.8-fold) and LuTx recipients (7.6-fold), and lowest in KTx-recipients (3.3-fold). Neutralizing activity showed a similar pattern, with fold increases of 10.9, 5.4, 7.5, and 2.6, respectively. MMF\/MPA use and vaccination within the first year posttransplant were associated with reduced humoral responses. RSVpreF-specific IgG correlated strongly with neutralizing activity (r = 0.664,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001), whereas correlations with CD4 T-cell responses were less pronounced.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RSV vaccination induces robust functional humoral immunity in all tested immunocompromised patient groups, but responses are lowest in kidney transplant recipients. Among transplant recipients, responses were reduced within the first year after transplantation and in patients on MMF\/MPA, supporting the need for optimized vaccination strategies in these patient groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/txd.0000000000002001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T20:00:28Z","timestamp":1793649628000},"page":"e2001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination Strongly Induces RSVpreF-specific IgG and Neutralizing Activity in Immunocompromised Individuals"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5863-1268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saskia","family":"Bronder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplant and Infection Immunology, PharmaScienceHub (PSH), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0725-7138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henning","family":"Gruell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2677-5118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Urschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplant and Infection Immunology, PharmaScienceHub (PSH), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Lennartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine IV, Saarland University Medical Centre, Campus Homburg, Homburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrij","family":"Tschausowsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine V, Saarland University Medical Centre, Campus Homburg, Homburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2257-6046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amina","family":"Abu-Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine IV, Saarland University Medical Centre, Campus Homburg, Homburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2397-4348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Radun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine IV, Saarland University Medical Centre, Campus Homburg, Homburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Fliser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine IV, Saarland University Medical Centre, Campus Homburg, Homburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7789-8563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heinrike","family":"Wilkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine V, Saarland University Medical Centre, Campus Homburg, Homburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4459-2514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Schmit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine IV, Saarland University Medical Centre, Campus Homburg, Homburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5482-0002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Sester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplant and Infection Immunology, PharmaScienceHub (PSH), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany."},{"name":"Center for Gender-specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20261102","first-page":"3","article-title":"Beschluss und Wissenschaftliche Begr\u00fcndung zur Empfehlung der STIKO f\u00fcr eine Standardimpfung gegen Erkrankungen durch Respiratorische Synzytial-Viren (RSV) f\u00fcr Personen \u2265 75 Jahre sowie zur Indikationsimpfung von Personen im Alter von 60 bis 74 Jahren mit Risikofaktoren.","volume":"32","author":"Falman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Epid 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PreF vaccine in older adults.","volume":"389","author":"Wilson","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R6-20261102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines13030328","article-title":"Immunogenicity and safety of the bivalent respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F subunit vaccine in immunocompromised or renally impaired adults.","volume":"13","author":"Almeida","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"R7-20261102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.25395","article-title":"Antibody response to respiratory syncytial virus vaccination in immunocompromised persons.","volume":"333","author":"Karaba","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R8-20261102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines13040398","article-title":"Neutralizing antibody response to the AreXvy respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in Lung transplant recipients: assessment against 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History"}},{"value":"2026-07-22","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}