{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T02:04:54Z","timestamp":1789956294287,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,7]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/wnr.0b013e32834fe6d6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,30]],"date-time":"2011-12-30T01:36:43Z","timestamp":1325209003000},"page":"216-219","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Synergistic toxicity of the environmental neurotoxins methylmercury and \u03b2-N-methylamino-L-alanine"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Travis","family":"Rush","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"XiaoQian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doug","family":"Lobner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.6.956","article-title":"Cycad neurotoxins, consumption of flying foxes, and ALS-PDC disease in Guam.","volume":"58","author":"Cox","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R3-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9252","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0914417107","article-title":"Transfer of a cyanobacterial neurotoxin within a temperate aquatic ecosystem suggests pathways for human exposure.","volume":"107","author":"Jonasson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"R4-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2010.05.002","article-title":"Cyanobacterial blooms and the occurrence of the neurotoxin beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) in South Florida aquatic food webs.","volume":"9","author":"Brand","year":"2010","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"R5-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12228","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404926101","article-title":"A mechanism for slow release of biomagnified cyanobacterial neurotoxins and neurodegenerative disease in Guam.","volume":"101","author":"Murch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"R6-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2008.01150.x","article-title":"Cyanobacterial neurotoxin BMAA in ALS and Alzheimers disease.","volume":"120","author":"Pablo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"R7-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/10408449509089885","article-title":"Minamata disease: methylmercury poisoning in Japan caused by environmental pollution.","volume":"25","author":"Harada","year":"1995","journal-title":"Crit Rev Toxicol"},{"key":"R8-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.1997.3804","article-title":"Cognitive performance of children prenatally exposed to safe levels of methylmercury.","volume":"77","author":"Grandjean","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"R9-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1080\/15287399209531659","article-title":"Toxicokinetics of mercuric chloride and methylmercuric chloride in mice.","volume":"37","author":"Nielsen","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health"},{"key":"R11-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3136549","article-title":"Beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine neurotoxicity: requirement for bicarbonate as a cofactor.","volume":"241","author":"Weiss","year":"1988","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R12-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2009.04.002","article-title":"Beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine induces oxidative stress and glutamate release through action on system Xc().","volume":"217","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"R13-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2006.01.010","article-title":"Glutathione modulation influences methyl mercury induced neurotoxicity in primary cell cultures of neurons and astrocytes.","volume":"27","author":"Kaur","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"R14-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2006.10.002","article-title":"Beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine enhances neurotoxicity through multiple mechanisms.","volume":"25","author":"Lobner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"R16-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00257-Q","article-title":"Biosynthesis and maintenance of GSH in primary astrocyte cultures: role of L-cystine and ascorbate.","volume":"680","author":"OConnor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R17-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.0741434.x","article-title":"Astrocytes provide cysteine to neurons by releasing glutathione.","volume":"74","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"R18-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2011.02.015","article-title":"The effect of -N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) on oxidative stress response enzymes of the macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum.","volume":"57","author":"Esterhuizen-Londt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"R19-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2009.05.013","article-title":"Methylmercury neurotoxicity is associated with inhibition of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase.","volume":"47","author":"Franco","year":"2009","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"R20-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(94)90527-4","article-title":"Mechanism of methylmercury efflux from cultured astrocytes.","volume":"47","author":"Fujiyama","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"R21-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(97)00045-3","article-title":"Neurodegenerative disorders in humans: the role of glutathione in oxidative stress-mediated neuronal death.","volume":"25","author":"Bains","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res Brain Res Rev"},{"key":"R22-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(02)00642-3","article-title":"Methylmercury-induced reactive oxygen species formation in neonatal cerebral astrocytic cultures is attenuated by antioxidants.","volume":"110","author":"Shanker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res Mol Brain Res"},{"key":"R23-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2010.07.006","article-title":"The in vitro effects of Trolox on methylmercury-induced neurotoxicity.","volume":"276","author":"Kaur","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"R24-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.04.007","article-title":"Methylmercury-induced neurotoxicity and apoptosis.","volume":"188","author":"Ceccatelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"R25-4-20210201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2007.10.010","article-title":"Prenatal methylmercury exposure hampers glutathione antioxidant system ontogenesis and causes long-lasting oxidative stress in the mouse brain.","volume":"227","author":"Stringari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["NeuroReport"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1097\/WNR.0b013e32834fe6d6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T20:24:02Z","timestamp":1786047842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00001756-201203070-00004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/wnr.0b013e32834fe6d6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-4965"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-4965","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,7]]}}}