{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T21:03:53Z","timestamp":1767992633558,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n Incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) is a painful skin condition resulting from prolonged exposure to moisture, friction, and irritants found in urine and feces. Category 2 IAD involves partial-thickness skin loss with open lesions, causing severe pain due to exposed nerve endings. Effective management in clinical settings is vital to alleviate discomfort and prevent secondary infections, though treatment options for severe IAD remain is limited despite its occurrence.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CASES:<\/jats:title>\n We report the successful management of Category 2 IAD involving the dermis and subcutaneous layers in 3 patients using a polymer cyanoacrylate. This intervention provided a protective barrier, shielding the skin from moisture and irritants while promoting healing. All patients exhibited significant improvement in skin condition and reported reduced pain within weeks of initiating treatment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n Each case demonstrated improvement in IAD, wound healing, and reduced pain. These case studies aim to inform clinicians about the potential benefits of polymer cyanoacrylate in the management of severe IAD.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/won.0000000000001189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T05:00:16Z","timestamp":1753678816000},"page":"330-335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Treatment of Severe Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis Using Polymer Cyanoacrylate"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Vivien","family":"Low-Clarke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Apryl","family":"Repole-Li Vaccari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Barakat-Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"R1-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2016.02.004","article-title":"A decade of research on incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD): evidence, knowledge gaps, and next steps","volume":"26","author":"Beeckman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Tissue Viability"},{"key":"R2-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2023.104627","article-title":"Enhancing skin health and safety in aged care (SKINCARE trial): a cluster-randomised pragmatic trial","volume":"149","author":"V\u00f6lzer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"issue":"Suppl 8a","key":"R3-20250923","article-title":"Patients\u2019 experience of incontinence and incontinence-associated dermatitis in hospital settings: a qualitative study","volume":"33","author":"Barakat-Johnson","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Wound Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"R4-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000390","article-title":"Incontinence-associated dermatitis, characteristics, and relationship to pressure injury: a multisite epidemiologic analysis","volume":"45","author":"Gray","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs"},{"issue":"6","key":"R5-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000818","article-title":"Incontinence and incontinence-associated dermatitis in acute care: a retrospective analysis of total cost of care and patient outcomes from the premier healthcare database","volume":"48","author":"Kayser","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Wound Ostomy 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translational study","volume":"21","author":"Barakat-Johnson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"6","key":"R10-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13755","article-title":"Reshaping wound care: evaluation of an artificial intelligence app to improve wound assessment and management amid the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"19","author":"Barakat-Johnson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"1","key":"R12-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13496","article-title":"Management of incontinence-associated dermatitis: a systematic review of monetary data","volume":"18","author":"Raepsaet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"4","key":"R13-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2024.08.006","article-title":"Prevention and management of urinary incontinence-associated dermatitis: a systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Atl\u0131","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Tissue Viability"},{"issue":"1","key":"R14-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2020.29.1.18","article-title":"Management of incontinence-associated dermatitis patients using a skin protectant in acute care: a case series","volume":"29","author":"Acton","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Wound Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"R15-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000307","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of a skin protectant for the management of incontinence-associated dermatitis: an open-label, nonrandomized, prospective study","volume":"44","author":"Brennan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs"}],"container-title":["Journal of Wound, Ostomy & Continence Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/WON.0000000000001189","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T18:02:40Z","timestamp":1758650560000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/WON.0000000000001189"}},"subtitle":["A Report on Three Case Studies"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/won.0000000000001189","relation":{},"ISSN":["1071-5754","1528-3976"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1071-5754","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-3976","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}}}